Amazon DOP-C02 AWS Certified DevOps Engineer - Professional Exam Practice Test

Answer : A, D

To optimize the Macie costs for the account without compromising the account's functionality, the DevOps engineer needs to exclude S3 buckets that do not contain sensitive data from automated discovery. S3 buckets that contain CloudTrail logs are unlikely to have sensitive data, and Macie charges for scanning and monitoring data in S3 buckets. Therefore, excluding S3 buckets that contain CloudTrail logs from automated discovery can reduce Macie costs. Similarly, configuring discovery jobs to include S3 objects based on the last modified criterion can also reduce Macie costs, as it will only scan and monitor new or updated objects, rather than all objects in the bucket.

Answer : C

AWS Health provides real-time events and information related to your AWS infrastructure. It can be integrated with Amazon EventBridge to act upon the health events automatically. If the maintenance notification from AWS Health indicates that an EC2 instance requires a restart, you can set up an EventBridge rule to respond to such events. In this case, the target of this rule would be a Lambda function that would trigger a Systems Manager automation to restart the EC2 instance during a maintenance window. Remember, AWS Health is the source of the events (not EC2 or Systems Manager), and AWS Lambda can be used to execute complex remediation tasks, such as scheduling maintenance tasks via Systems Manager.

The following are the steps involved in configuring the EventBridge rule to meet these requirements:

Configure an event source of AWS Health, a service of EC2, and an event type that indicates instance maintenance.

Target a newly created AWS Lambda function that registers an automation task to restart the EC2 instance during a maintenance window.

The AWS Lambda function will be triggered by the event from AWS Health. The function will then register an automation task to restart the EC2 instance during the next maintenance window.

Answer : C

This solution will meet the requirements in the most operationally efficient manner because it will use CloudWatch Logs destination to aggregate the log groups from all the accounts to a single S3 bucket in the logging account. However, unlike option A, this solution will create a CloudWatch Logs destination for each region, instead of a single destination for all regions. This will improve the performance and reliability of the log delivery, as it will avoid cross-region data transfer and latency issues. Moreover, this solution will use an Amazon Kinesis data stream and an Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose delivery stream for each region, instead of a single stream for all regions. This will also improve the scalability and throughput of the log delivery, as it will avoid bottlenecks and throttling issues that may occur with a single stream.

Answer : D

Answer : D

A comprehensive and detailed explanation is:

Option A is incorrect because EventBridge rules cannot filter events based on the message body or attributes of the target service. Therefore, configuring an SNS subscription filter policy to match the CloudFormation stack will not work. The SNS topic will receive all events from the EventBridge rule, regardless of the stack name or drift status.

Option B is incorrect because it introduces unnecessary complexity and cost. Creating a second Lambda function to query the CloudFormation API for the drift detection results is redundant, since CloudFormation already publishes drift detection events to EventBridge. Moreover, invoking two Lambda functions every hour will incur more charges than invoking one.

Option C is incorrect because GuardDuty does not provide drift detection for CloudFormation stacks. GuardDuty is a threat detection service that monitors for malicious activity and unauthorized behavior in AWS accounts and workloads. It does not monitor or report on configuration changes or drifts in CloudFormation stacks.

Option D is correct because it leverages AWS Config and its managed rule for drift detection. AWS Config is a service that enables you to assess, audit, and evaluate the configurations of your AWS resources. It can detect configuration changes and drifts in CloudFormation stacks using the cloudformation-stack-drift-detection-check managed rule. This rule triggers an AWS Config event when a stack drifts from its expected template configuration. By creating a second EventBridge rule that reacts to this event for the specific stack, the DevOps engineer can configure the SNS topic as a target and receive a notification as soon as possible when drift is detected.

References:

AWS Config

Amazon SNS subscription filter policies

Amazon EventBridge rules

Answer : B

Answer : C

To analyze and find the number of logins for a specific user from the past 7 days, a CloudWatch Logs Insights query is the most suitable solution. CloudWatch Logs Insights enables you to interactively search and analyze your log data in Amazon CloudWatch Logs. You can use the query language to perform queries that contain multiple commands, including aggregation functions, which can count the occurrences of logins for a specific username over a specified time period. This approach is more direct and efficient than creating a metric filter or subscription, which would require additional steps to publish and sum a metric.Reference:AWS Certified DevOps Engineer - Professional,CloudWatch Logs Insights query syntax,Tutorial: Run a query with an aggregation function,Add or remove a number widget from a CloudWatch dashboard.