Amazon SCS-C02 Exam Questions Instant Access

Question 1

[Logging and Monitoring]

A company uses SAML federation to grant users access to AWS accounts. A company workload that is in an isolated AWS account runs on immutable infrastructure with no human access to Amazon EC2. The company requires a specialized user known as a break glass user to have access to the workload AWS account and instances in the case of SAML errors. A recent audit discovered that the company did not create the break glass user for the AWS account that contains the workload.

The company must create the break glass user. The company must log any activities of the break glass user and send the logs to a security team.

Which combination of solutions will meet these requirements?(Select TWO.)

ACreate a local individual break glass IAM user for the security team. Create a trail in AWS CloudTrail that has Amazon CloudWatch Logs turned on. Use Amazon EventBridge to monitor local user activities.

BCreate a break glass EC2 key pair for the AWS account. Provide the key pair to the security team. Use AWS CloudTraiI to monitor key pair activity. Send notifications to the security team by using Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS).

CCreate a break glass IAM role for the account. Allow security team members to perform the AssumeRoleWithSAML operation. Create an AWS Cloud Trail trail that has Amazon CloudWatch Logs turned on. Use Amazon EventBridge tomonitor security team activities.

DCreate a local individual break glass IAM user on the operating system level of each workload instance. Configure unrestricted security groups on the instances to grant access to the break glass IAM users.

EConfigure AWS Systems Manager Session Manager for Amazon EC2. Configure an AWS Cloud Trail filter based on Session Manager. Send the results to an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic.

Answer : A, E

The combination of solutions that will meet the requirements are:

A . Create a local individual break glass IAM user for the security team. Create a trail in AWS CloudTrail that has Amazon CloudWatch Logs turned on. Use Amazon EventBridge to monitor local user activities. This is a valid solution because it allows the security team to access the workload AWS account and instances using a local IAM user that does not depend on SAML federation.It also enables logging and monitoring of the break glass user activities using AWS CloudTrail, Amazon CloudWatch Logs, and Amazon EventBridge123.

E . Configure AWS Systems Manager Session Manager for Amazon EC2. Configure an AWS CloudTrail filter based on Session Manager. Send the results to an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic. This is a valid solution because it allows the security team to access the workload instances without opening any inbound ports or managing SSH keys or bastion hosts.It also enables logging and notification of the breakglass user activities using AWS CloudTrail, Session Manager, and Amazon SNS456.

The other options are incorrect because:

B .Creating a break glass EC2 key pair for the AWS account and providing it to the security team is not a valid solution, because it requires opening inbound ports on the instances and managing SSH keys, which increases the security risk and complexity7.

C .Creating a break glass IAM role for the account and allowing security team members to perform the AssumeRoleWithSAML operation is not a valid solution, because it still dependson SAML federation, which might not work in case of SAML errors8.

D .Creating a local individual break glass IAM user on the operating system level of each workload instance and configuring unrestricted security groups on theinstances to grant access to the break glass IAM users is not a valid solution,because it requires opening inbound ports on the instances and managing multiple local users, which increases the security risk and complexity9.

References:

1: Creating an IAM Userin Your AWS Account2:Creating a Trail - AWS CloudTrail3: Using Amazon EventBridge with AWS CloudTrail4:Setting up Session Manager - AWS Systems Manager5:Logging Session Manager sessions - AWS Systems Manager6: Amazon Simple Notification Service7: Connecting to your Linux instance using SSH - Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud8: AssumeRoleWithSAML - AWS Security Token Service9: IAM Users - AWS Identity and Access Management

Question 2

[Incident Response]

A company is using an AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) AWS owned key in its application to encrypt files in an AWS account The company's security team wants the ability to change to new key material for new files whenever a potential key breach occurs A security engineer must implement a solution that gives the security team the ability to change the key whenever the team wants to do so

Which solution will meet these requirements?

ACreate a new customer managed key Add a key rotation schedule to the key Invoke the key rotation schedule every time the security team requests a key change

BCreate a new AWS managed key Add a key rotation schedule to the key Invoke the key rotation schedule every time the security team requests a key change

CCreate a key alias Create a new customer managed key every time the security team requests a key change Associate the alias with the new key

DCreate a key alias Create a new AWS managed key every time the security team requests a key change Associate the alias with the new key

Answer : A

To meet the requirement of changing the key material for new files whenever a potential key breach occurs, the most appropriate solution would be to create a new customer managed key, add a key rotation schedule to the key, and invoke the key rotation schedule every time the security team requests a key change.

References: :Rotating AWS KMS keys - AWS Key Management Service

Question 3

[Infrastructure Security]

A company hosts a public website on an Amazon EC2 instance. HTTPS traffic must be able to access the website. The company uses SSH for management of the web server.

The website is on the subnet 10.0.1.0/24. The management subnet is 192.168.100.0/24. A security engineer must create a security group for the EC2

instance.

Which combination of steps should the security engineer take to meet these requirements in the MOST secure manner? (Select TWO.)

AAllow port 22 from source 0.0.0.0/0.

BAllow port 443 from source 0.0.0.0/0.

CAllow port 22 from 192.168.100.0/24.

DAllow port 22 from 10.0.1.0/24.

EAllow port 443 from 10.0.1.0/24.

Answer : B, C

The correct answer is B and C.

B . Allow port 443 from source 0.0.0.0/0.

This is correct because port 443 is used for HTTPS traffic, which must be able to access the website from any source IP address.

C . Allow port 22 from 192.168.100.0/24.

This is correct because port 22 is used for SSH, which is the management protocol for the web server. The management subnet is 192.168.100.0/24, so only this subnet should be allowed to access port 22.

A . Allow port 22 from source 0.0.0.0/0.

This is incorrect because it would allow anyone to access port 22, which is a security risk. SSH should be restricted to the management subnet only.

D . Allow port 22 from 10.0.1.0/24.

This is incorrect because it would allow the website subnet to access port 22, which is unnecessary and a security risk. SSH should be restricted to the management subnet only.

E . Allow port 443 from 10.0.1.0/24.

This is incorrect because it would limit the HTTPS traffic to the website subnet only, which defeats the purpose of having a public website.

Question 4

[Infrastructure Security]

A company has a batch-processing system that uses Amazon S3, Amazon EC2, and AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS). The system uses two AWS accounts: Account A and Account B.

Account A hosts an S3 bucket that stores the objects that will be processed. The S3 bucket also stores the results of the processing. All the S3 bucket objects are encrypted by a KMS key that is managed in

Account A.

Account B hosts a VPC that has a fleet of EC2 instances that access the S3 buck-et in Account A by using statements in the bucket policy. The VPC was created with DNS hostnames enabled and DNS resolution enabled.

A security engineer needs to update the design of the system without changing any of the system's code. No AWS API calls from the batch-processing EC2 in-stances can travel over the internet.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)

AIn the Account B VPC, create a gateway VPC endpoint for Amazon S3. For the gateway VPC endpoint, create a resource policy that allows the s3:GetObject, s3:ListBucket, s3:PutObject, and s3:PutObjectAcl actions for the S3 bucket.

BIn the Account B VPC, create an interface VPC endpoint for Amazon S3. For the interface VPC endpoint, create a resource policy that allows the s3:GetObject, s3:ListBucket, s3:PutObject, and s3:PutObjectAcl actions for the S3 bucket.

CIn the Account B VPC, create an interface VPC endpoint for AWS KMS. For the interface VPC endpoint, create a resource policy that allows the kms:Encrypt, kms:Decrypt, and kms:GenerateDataKey actions for the KMS key. Ensure that private DNS is turned on for the endpoint.

DIn the Account B VPC, create an interface VPC endpoint for AWS KMS. For the interface VPC endpoint, create a resource policy that allows the kms:Encrypt, kms:Decrypt, and kms:GenerateDataKey actions for the KMS key. Ensure that private DNS is turned off for the endpoint.

EIn the Account B VPC, verify that the S3 bucket policy allows the s3:PutObjectAcl action for cross-account use. In the Account B VPC, create a gateway VPC endpoint for Amazon S3. For the gateway VPC endpoint, create a resource policy that allows the s3:GetObject, s3:ListBucket, and s3:PutObject actions for the S3 bucket.

Answer : B, C

Question 5

[Identity and Access Management]

A company's security engineer has been tasked with restricting a contractor's IAM account access to the company's Amazon EC2 console without providing access to any other IAM services The contractors IAM account must not be able to gain access to any other IAM service, even it the IAM account rs assigned additional permissions based on IAM group membership

What should the security engineer do to meet these requirements''

ACreate an mime IAM user policy that allows for Amazon EC2 access for the contractor's IAM user

BCreate an IAM permissions boundary policy that allows Amazon EC2 access Associate the contractor's IAM account with the IAM permissions boundary policy

CCreate an IAM group with an attached policy that allows for Amazon EC2 access Associate the contractor's IAM account with the IAM group

DCreate a IAM role that allows for EC2 and explicitly denies all other services Instruct the contractor to always assume this role

Answer : B

To restrict the contractor's IAM account access to the EC2 console without providing access to any other AWS services, the security engineer should do the following:

Create an IAM permissions boundary policy that allows EC2 access. This is a policy that defines the maximum permissions that an IAM entity can have.

Associate the contractor's IAM account with the IAM permissions boundary policy. This means that even if the contractor's IAM account is assigned additional permissions based on IAM group membership, those permissions are limited by the permissions boundary policy.

Question 6

[Incident Response]

Example.com is hosted on Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). Third-party host intrusion detection system (HIDS) agents that capture the traffic of the EC2 instance are running on each host. The company must ensure they are using privacy enhancing technologies for users, without losing the assurance the third-party solution offers.

What is the MOST secure way to meet these requirements?

AEnable TLS pass through on the ALB, and handle decryption at the server using Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman (ECDHE) cipher suites.

BCreate a listener on the ALB that uses encrypted connections with Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman (ECDHE) cipher suites, and pass the traffic in the clear to the server.

CCreate a listener on the ALB that uses encrypted connections with Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman (ECDHE) cipher suites, and use encrypted connections to the servers that do not enable Perfect Forward Secrecy (PFS).

DCreate a listener on the ALB that does not enable Perfect Forward Secrecy (PFS) cipher suites, and use encrypted connections to the servers using Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman (ECDHE) cipher suites.

Answer : D

the most secure way to meet the requirements. TLS is a protocol that provides encryption and authentication for data in transit. ALB is a service that distributes incoming traffic across multiple EC2 instances. HIDS is a system that monitors and detects malicious activity on a host. ECDHE is a type of cipher suite that supports perfect forward secrecy, which is a property that ensures that past and current TLS traffic stays secure even if the certificate private key is leaked. By creating a listener on the ALB that does not enable PFS cipher suites, and using encrypted connections to the servers using ECDHE cipher suites, you can ensure that the HIDS agents can capture the traffic of the EC2 instance without compromising the privacy of the users. The other options are either less secure or less compatible with the third-party solution.

Question 7

[Logging and Monitoring]

A startup company is using a single AWS account that has resources in a single AWS Region. A security engineer configures an AWS Cloud Trail trail in the same Region to deliver log files to an Amazon S3 bucket by using the AWS CLI.

Because of expansion, the company adds resources in multiple Regions. The secu-rity engineer notices that the logs from the new Regions are not reaching the S3 bucket.

What should the security engineer do to fix this issue with the LEAST amount of operational overhead?

ACreate a new CloudTrail trail. Select the new Regions where the company added resources.

BChange the S3 bucket to receive notifications to track all actions from all Regions.

CCreate a new CloudTrail trail that applies to all Regions.

DChange the existing CloudTrail trail so that it applies to all Regions.

Answer : D

The correct answer is D. Change the existing CloudTrail trail so that it applies to all Regions.

According to the AWS documentation1, you can configure CloudTrail to deliver log files from multiple Regions to a single S3 bucket for a single account.To change an existing single-Region trail to log in all Regions, you must use the AWS CLI and add the --is-multi-region-trail option to the update-trail command2. This will ensure that you log global service events and capture all management event activity in your account.

Option A is incorrect because creating a new CloudTrail trail for each Region will incur additional costs and increase operational overhead. Option B is incorrect because changing the S3 bucket to receive notifications will not affect the delivery of log files from other Regions. Option C is incorrect because creating a new CloudTrail trail that applies to all Regions will result in duplicate log files for the original Region and also incur additional costs.

Amazon AWS Certified Security - Specialty (old) SCS-C02 Exam Questions