API Welding Inspection and Metallurgy API-577 Exam Practice Test

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Question 1

Exposed film that allows 1% of the incident light to pass through has a film density of:

A1.0

B2.0

C3.0

D4.0

Answer : C

Question 2

One of the main differences between welding nickel alloys and austenitic stainless steels is that with nickel alloys:

AInterpass temperature control is not needed.

BThere is less susceptibility to cracking from contaminants.

CThere is less susceptibility to lack of fusion.

DThe weld pool tends to be sluggish.

Answer : D

Question 3

According to the PQR 8025, does the thickness range qualified concur with the thickness range as stated on the WPS 802?

AYes, but only for thicknesses greater than .280'

BNo, the material thickness on the PQR should be .375'

CYes, the PQR qualifies the ranges as stated on the WPS

DNo, the PQR thickness should have been .560'

Answer : C

Question 4

Remote examination of welds may use aids such as telescopes, borescopes, fiberscopes, cameras, or other suitable instruments provided they have:

AGood perception and the inspection would be approximately equal to a direct visual exam.

BSensitivity to find possible defects that a direct visual exam would produce.

CA resolution at least equivalent to that which is attained by direct visual examination.

DA greater acuity than the eye and the inspection would be better than a direct visual.

Answer : C

Question 5

Which of the following can result from residual magnetism left in a partially completed weld?

AExcessive distortion

BTendency of weld pool to be sluggish

CDeflection of the weld arc

DSolidification cracking

Answer : C

Question 6

Base metals are assigned P-numbers by the ASME Code, Section IX to reduce the number of:

ARequired welding procedure specifications.

BRequired welding procedure qualifications.

CRequired procedure and performance qualifications.

DRequired mechanical tests.

Answer : C

Question 7

The direction of magnetic flux can be confirmed by the use of a:

APie gauge.

BMagnetic-field-sensitive crayon.

CFlux line sensitizer.

DCalibration gauge.

Answer : A

Question 8

Refer to the following diagram:

Item#4 represents:

Abevel face.

Bbevel angle.

Cgroove angle.

Dgroove face.

Answer : B

Question 9

Filler metals are grouped according to their A-numbers to:

AMinimize the number of performance qualifications.

BMinimize the number of welding procedure qualifications.

CDefine the welding characteristics.

DDesignate similar chemical compositions.

Answer : D

Question 10

What is the liquid flow rate range that should be maintained in piping to be hot tapped?

A0.05 - 2.7 ft./sec (0.015 - 0.82 m/sec)

B1.3 - 4.0 ft./sec (0.40 - 1.20 m/sec)

C2.3 - 3.3 ft./sec (0.70 - 1.00 m/sec)

D4.1 - 5.5 ft./sec (1.25 - 1.68 m/sec)

Answer : B

Question 11

Stud arc welding is a specialized process predominantly limited to welding:

ANon-load-bearing welds.

BInsulation and refractory pins.

CFlat position welds.

DNon-pressure-containing welds.

Answer : B

Question 12

A root opening of a groove weld is:

AThe surface of a joint member included in the groove.

BA separation at the joint root between the work pieces.

CThe beveled surface of the joint members.

DThat portion of the groove face adjacent to the joint root.

Answer : B

Question 13

What term is used to describe the mechanical working of metals using impact blows?

AHammering

BMechanical stress relieving

CNeedle gunning

DPeening

Answer : D

Question 14

For hot tap and in-service welding, above what carbon equivalent limit is it recommended to use extra low hydrogen electrodes to weld carbon steels?

A0.30%

B0.35%

C0.42%

D0.48%

Answer : C

Question 15

Items to be included in the PQR for the SMAW process are:

AWelding process used and AWS classification numbers.

BWelding process used and P-numbers of coupon welded.

CP-numbers of coupon welded and AWS classification numbers.

DElectrode-flux class and electrical characteristics.

Answer : B

Question 16

Which welding process produces a fast-freezing weld pool and is generally suited for joining thin sections or root passes?

AGMAW-S

BGTAW

CGMAW

DFCAW

Answer : B

Question 17

When welding using the shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) process, which of the following best describes the appearance of excessive penetration on a radiograph?

AA lighter density in the center of the width of the weld image, either extended along the weld or in isolated circular drops.

BAn irregular darker density near the center of the width of the weld image along the edge of the root pass image.

CAn abrupt density change across the width of the weld image with a straight longitudinal darker density line at the center of the width of the weld image along the edge of the density change.

DA localized darker density with fuzzy edges in the center of the width of the weld image.

Answer : B

Question 18

What increases when a welder increases the amperage?

AVoltage

BArc length

CHeat

DTravel speed

Answer : C

Question 19

What is the most capable NDE method for finding a discontinuity such as incomplete fusion in a joint?

AMT

BUT

CET

DRT

Answer : B

Question 20

In hardness testing of carbon steel weldment specimens, there is an approximate relationship between hardness and:

AToughness

BTensile strength

CDuctility

DYield strength

Answer : B

Question 21

What is a discontinuity?

AAn interruption in the normal physical structure of a material.

BAn imperfection which is detectable with NDE.

CThe response or evidence from the application of NDE.

DA departure of a quality characteristic from its intended condition.

Answer : A

Question 22

Which of the following transfer methods associated with GMAW is characterized by a highly directed stream of discrete drops that are accelerated by arc forces, and negligible spatter?

APulsed droplet transfer

BShort circuiting transfer

CGlobular transfer

DSpray transfer

Answer : D

Question 23

What is(are) the most appropriate action(s) to prepare an in-service carbon steel piping system that has been in caustic service for welding?

ANeutralize and clean the surface within 6 in. (150 mm) of weld bevels

BSteam out the piping system and dry

CVerify with pH paper that any surface liquid is ''basic'

DGrind the surfaces near the bevel to remove contaminants

Answer : A

Question 24

What does an AWS classification number identify?

AElectrode diameter and strength

BElectrodes and welding rods

CChemical composition of the deposited weld metal

DBase metal and group number

Answer : B

Question 25

Which of the following is an important aspect of a qualified WPS?

AWelder qualification

BMaintaining project schedule

CWelding program effectiveness

DFabrication quality control

Answer : D

Question 26

What is the purpose of a PQR?

ATo provide direction to the welder making production welds.

BTo establish the properties of the weldment.

CTo document that a welder has correctly followed a WPS.

DTo establish a welder's capability to make a quality weld.

Answer : B

Question 27

Which welding process has been associated most with lack of fusion with shop-fabricated piping?

AGMAW-S

BGMAW-SF

CFCAW

DFCAW-SW

Answer : A

Question 28

The carbon equivalent formula indicates:

AWhether postweld heat treatment (PWHT) will be needed.

BWhether preheat will be needed.

CThe theoretical carbon content of a steel.

DThe weldability of a steel, based on carbon content.

Answer : D

Question 29

What is the major cause of lack of fusion in all welding processes involving carbon steel?

AInadequate preheat

BImproper welding speed

CImproper heat input and improper welding technique

DNot using a low hydrogen electrode or improper shielding

Answer : C

Question 30

Which welding process produces a fast-freezing weld pool and is generally suited for joining thin sections or root passes?

AGMAW-S

BGTAW

CGMAW

DFCAW

Answer : B

Question 31

For what maximum outside diameter may a radiographic technique be used in which the radiation passes through two walls and the weld in both walls is viewed for acceptance?

A1.5 in. (38.0 mm)

B2.5 in. (63.5 mm)

C3 in. (76.2 mm)

D3.5 in. (90.0 mm)

Answer : C

Question 32

When verifying that the filler metal selection is appropriate for the base metal being welded, an inspector should consider:

AChemical composition.

BTensile strength to be higher than the base metal.

CAcceptability of physical properties.

DNeed for postweld heat treatment (PWHT).

Answer : A

Question 33

What is the maximum temperature at which ACFM may be used?

A300F (150C)

B500F (260C)

C900F (480C)

D1000F (540C)

Answer : B

Question 34

Which of the following has the lowest range of welding currents and electrode diameters associated with the GMAW process?

AShort circuiting transfer

BPulsed droplet transfer

CGlobular transfer

DSpray transfer

Answer : A

Question 35

Remote examination of welds may use aids such as telescopes, borescopes, fiberscopes, cameras, or other suitable instruments provided they have:

AGood perception and the inspection would be approximately equal to a direct visual exam.

BSensitivity to find possible defects that a direct visual exam would produce.

CA resolution at least equivalent to that which is attained by direct visual examination.

DA greater acuity than the eye and the inspection would be better than a direct visual.

Answer : C

Question 36

ACFM is an NDE technique ideal for inspecting:

ANozzles, ring-grooves, and grind-out areas.

BLap joint welds and uphill welding.

CButt welds (single and double bevel) and plug welds.

DFillet welds, J-welds, and seal welds.

Answer : A

Question 37

What is the purpose of a PQR?

ATo provide direction to the welder making production welds.

BTo establish the properties of the weldment.

CTo document that a welder has correctly followed a WPS.

DTo establish a welder's capability to make a quality weld.

Answer : B

Question 38

For carbon steels, the HAZ includes those regions heated to a temperature greater than:

A1050F (556C)

B1150F (621C)

C1250F (677C)

D1350F (730C)

Answer : B

Question 39

If a nonessential variable is changed on a WPS, which of the following actions must occur?

AThe welding inspector can simply make the change on the WPS and initial as proof of acceptance.

BIt may be changed on the WPS without requalifying the welding procedure.

CThe welding procedure will need to be requalified by performing mechanical testing.

DImpact testing must be performed at the discretion of the welding engineer.

Answer : B

Question 40

What is a discontinuity?

AAn interruption in the normal physical structure of a material.

BAn imperfection which is detectable with NDE.

CThe response or evidence from the application of NDE.

DA departure of a quality characteristic from its intended condition.

Answer : A

Question 41

A crack with its major axis oriented approximately perpendicular to the weld axis is called a:

ALamellar crack.

BNon-directional crack.

CTransverse crack.

DPerpendicular crack.

Answer : C

Question 42

Refer to the following diagram:

Item#4 represents:

Abevel face.

Bbevel angle.

Cgroove angle.

Dgroove face.

Answer : B

Question 43

For SMAW welding, the last number of the electrode identification identifies:

AChemical composition.

BElectrode operating characteristics.

CWelding position.

DCoating operating characteristics.

Answer : D

Question 44

A ''mill certificate" is a/an:

AAnalysis of the chemical elements in an ingot.

BChemical analysis of a base metal to be welded.

CList of the chemical and mechanical properties specified by a purchaser.

DProduct analysis of mechanical properties of a base metal.

Answer : C

Question 45

The simplest weldability tests are those that evaluate:

APorosity and slag inclusions of the weld.

BCracking and corrosion resistance of the weld.

CStrength and ductility of the weld.

DDuctility and hardness of the weld.

Answer : C

Question 46

Remote examination of welds may use aids such as telescopes, borescopes, fiberscopes, cameras, or other suitable instruments provided they have:

AGood perception and the inspection would be approximately equal to a direct visual exam.

BSensitivity to find possible defects that a direct visual exam would produce.

CA resolution at least equivalent to that which is attained by direct visual examination.

DA greater acuity than the eye and the inspection would be better than a direct visual.

Answer : C

Question 47

When performing a carbon steel to carbon steel hot tap where the CE of one of the metals is greater than 0.42%, which of the following electrodes should be used?

AE7048-H4

BE7048

CE7018-A1

DE7018

Answer : D

Question 48

API Recommended Practice 2201 primarily covers the:

AWPS/PQR aspects of in-service welding.

BTechnical aspects of hot tapping.

CSafety aspects of in-service welding.

DWeldability aspects of in-service welding.

Answer : C

Question 49

For GMAW welding, the last number of the electrode identifies the:

AChemical composition.

BStrength of the electrode.

CCoating characteristics.

DOperating characteristics.

Answer : D

Question 50

Which of the following is a commonly accepted limitation of flux core arc welding (FCAW)?

AIt is more sensitive to drafts and wind than GMAW.

BIt has lower deposition rates than SMAW.

CShielding must always be provided by an externally supplied gas.

DLarge volumes of welding fumes are generated.

Answer : D

Question 51

For carbon steels, the HAZ includes those regions heated to a temperature greater than:

A1050F (556C)

B1150F (621C)

C1250F (677C)

D1350F (730C)

Answer : B

Question 52

Which of the following is an important aspect of a qualified WPS?

AWelder qualification

BMaintaining project schedule

CWelding program effectiveness

DFabrication quality control

Answer : D

Question 53

For what maximum outside diameter may a radiographic technique be used in which the radiation passes through two walls and the weld in both walls is viewed for acceptance?

A1.5 in. (38.0 mm)

B2.5 in. (63.5 mm)

C3 in. (76.2 mm)

D3.5 in. (90.0 mm)

Answer : C

Question 54

Which of the following statements is true?

APQRs qualified on P8 materials also qualify for P1 materials.

BWelding procedures must be supported by more than one PQR.

CAll PQRs must be qualified with impact testing.

DOne PQR may support several WPSs.

Answer : D

Question 55

Exposed film that allows 1% of the incident light to pass through has a film density of:

A1.0

B2.0

C3.0

D4.0

Answer : C

Question 56

Filler metals are grouped according to their A-numbers to:

AMinimize the number of performance qualifications.

BMinimize the number of welding procedure qualifications.

CDefine the welding characteristics.

DDesignate similar chemical compositions.

Answer : D

Question 57

The WPS gives the welder specific guidelines to:

ASet the machine amperage, voltage, and travel speed.

BConfirm the project heat input is followed during welding.

CSuccessfully complete production welds.

DMake imperfection/defect-free welds.

Answer : A

Question 58

What is the major cause of lack of fusion in all welding processes involving carbon steel?

AInadequate preheat

BImproper welding speed

CImproper heat input and improper welding technique

DNot using a low hydrogen electrode or improper shielding

Answer : C

Question 59

The direction of magnetic flux can be confirmed by the use of a:

APie gauge.

BMagnetic-field-sensitive crayon.

CFlux line sensitizer.

DCalibration gauge.

Answer : A

Question 60

Hot tapping and in-service welding should be carried out only with:

ASteels that have a carbon equivalent below 0.30.

BCellulosic-type electrodes to reduce penetration.

CLow-hydrogen consumables and electrodes.

DLow-hydrogen root pass and cellulosic weld out.

Answer : C

Question 61

A crack with its major axis oriented approximately perpendicular to the weld axis is called a:

ALamellar crack.

BNon-directional crack.

CTransverse crack.

DPerpendicular crack.

Answer : C

Question 62

At any time during the welding inspection, if defects are identified:

AThey should be corrected before welding proceeds further.

BThe inspector should seek engineering input on whether the defect is actually acceptable.

CThe inspector should determine whether the weld may be acceptable for the intended service.

DThe inspector should examine all welds produced by the same welder.

Answer : A

Question 63

A root opening of a groove weld is:

AThe surface of a joint member included in the groove.

BA separation at the joint root between the work pieces.

CThe beveled surface of the joint members.

DThat portion of the groove face adjacent to the joint root.

Answer : B

Question 64

Which of the following has the lowest range of welding currents and electrode diameters associated with the GMAW process?

AShort circuiting transfer

BPulsed droplet transfer

CGlobular transfer

DSpray transfer

Answer : A

Question 65

A welding engineer or inspector should be notified when a weld has failed a weld quality test more than how many times in order to help determine the cause of the test failure?

AONCE

BTWICE

CTHREE TIMES

DFOUR TIMES

Answer : B

Question 66

In hardness testing of carbon steel weldment specimens, there is an approximate relationship between hardness and:

AToughness

BTensile strength

CDuctility

DYield strength

Answer : B

Question 67

Base metals are assigned P-numbers by the ASME Code, Section IX to reduce the number of:

ARequired welding procedure specifications.

BRequired welding procedure qualifications.

CRequired procedure and performance qualifications.

DRequired mechanical tests.

Answer : C

Question 68

The most common measure of weldability and susceptibility to hot cracking of austenitic stainless steels is the ferrite content of the weld metal. Which of the following ranges is the recommended minimum ferrite content of the weld metal needed to prevent cracking?

A1%-10%

B5%-20%

C8%-18%

D15%-20%

Answer : C

Question 69

To reduce exposure to moisture of low-hydrogen electrodes after they have been removed from the manufacturer's packaging, they should be stored:

AUnder low humidity conditions.

BIn warm holding ovens.

CIn sealed plastic containers.

DIn tightly sealed ovens.

Answer : B

Question 70

What is the minimum liquid level that should be maintained above the area that is to be hot tapped on a storage tank or vessel?

A1 ft. (300 mm)

B2 ft. (600 mm)

C3 ft. (900 mm)

D4 ft. (1200 mm)

Answer : B

Question 71

What is the liquid flow rate range that should be maintained in piping to be hot tapped?

A0.05 - 2.7 ft./sec (0.015 - 0.82 m/sec)

B1.3 - 4.0 ft./sec (0.40 - 1.20 m/sec)

C2.3 - 3.3 ft./sec (0.70 - 1.00 m/sec)

D4.1 - 5.5 ft./sec (1.25 - 1.68 m/sec)

Answer : B

Question 72

What is the "area of interest" on a weld radiograph?

AThe entire radiograph minus 2 in. (50.8 mm) from the edges

BOnly the area of contrasting density

CThe specific portion of a radiograph that needs to be evaluated

DThe portion that is less than 3t from the center of the radiograph, where t is the thickness of the weld

Answer : C

Question 73

A crack with its major axis oriented approximately perpendicular to the weld axis is called a:

ALamellar crack.

BNon-directional crack.

CTransverse crack.

DPerpendicular crack.

Answer : C

Question 74

Hot tapping and in-service welding should be carried out only with:

ASteels that have a carbon equivalent below 0.30.

BCellulosic-type electrodes to reduce penetration.

CLow-hydrogen consumables and electrodes.

DLow-hydrogen root pass and cellulosic weld out.

Answer : C

Question 75

The simplest weldability tests are those that evaluate:

APorosity and slag inclusions of the weld.

BCracking and corrosion resistance of the weld.

CStrength and ductility of the weld.

DDuctility and hardness of the weld.

Answer : C

Question 76

What is the major cause of lack of fusion in all welding processes involving carbon steel?

AInadequate preheat

BImproper welding speed

CImproper heat input and improper welding technique

DNot using a low hydrogen electrode or improper shielding

Answer : C

Question 77

A limitation of a stud arc welding (SW) process is:

AWelding rates are significantly lower than those obtained with SMAW.

BProcess is primarily suitable for only carbon steel and low alloy steels.

CProcess is limited to a flat position.

DWeld is not visible during the welding process.

Answer : C

Question 78

When welding nickel alloys, it is important that:

AThe bevel angle be wide enough to allow oscillation of welding torch.

BThe cooling rate be controlled in order to prevent rapid cooling.

CPreheating is always performed to prevent hot cracking.

DA wide face and thinner bevel be used.

Answer : B

Question 79

Which of the following statements is true?

APQRs qualified on P8 materials also qualify for P1 materials.

BWelding procedures must be supported by more than one PQR.

CAll PQRs must be qualified with impact testing.

DOne PQR may support several WPSs.

Answer : D

Question 80

Hardenability of a steel can be an indirect indicator of:

AWeldability

BToughness

CStrength

DCooling rate

Answer : A

Question 81

For GMAW welding, the last number of the electrode identifies the:

AChemical composition.

BStrength of the electrode.

CCoating characteristics.

DOperating characteristics.

Answer : D

Question 82

A1%-10%

B5%-20%

C8%-18%

D15%-20%

Answer : C

Question 83

For SMAW welding, the last number of the electrode identification identifies:

AChemical composition.

BElectrode operating characteristics.

CWelding position.

DCoating operating characteristics.

Answer : D

Question 84

What GMAW welding process uses carbon dioxide as the shielding gas, and is limited to the flat and horizontal position?

ASpray transfer

BPulsed transfer

CGlobular transfer

DShort circuiting transfer

Answer : C

Question 85

Stud arc welding is a specialized process predominantly limited to welding:

ANon-load-bearing welds.

BInsulation and refractory pins.

CFlat position welds.

DNon-pressure-containing welds.

Answer : B

Question 86

The WPS gives the welder specific guidelines to:

ASet the machine amperage, voltage, and travel speed.

BConfirm the project heat input is followed during welding.

CSuccessfully complete production welds.

DMake imperfection/defect-free welds.

Answer : A

Question 87

If a nonessential variable is changed on a WPS, which of the following actions must occur?

AThe welding inspector can simply make the change on the WPS and initial as proof of acceptance.

BIt may be changed on the WPS without requalifying the welding procedure.

CThe welding procedure will need to be requalified by performing mechanical testing.

DImpact testing must be performed at the discretion of the welding engineer.

Answer : B

Question 88

The carbon equivalent formula indicates:

AWhether postweld heat treatment (PWHT) will be needed.

BWhether preheat will be needed.

CThe theoretical carbon content of a steel.

DThe weldability of a steel, based on carbon content.

Answer : D

Question 89

The direction of magnetic flux can be confirmed by the use of a:

APie gauge.

BMagnetic-field-sensitive crayon.

CFlux line sensitizer.

DCalibration gauge.

Answer : A

Question 90

When welding using the shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) process, which of the following best describes the appearance of excessive penetration on a radiograph?

AA lighter density in the center of the width of the weld image, either extended along the weld or in isolated circular drops.

BAn irregular darker density near the center of the width of the weld image along the edge of the root pass image.

CAn abrupt density change across the width of the weld image with a straight longitudinal darker density line at the center of the width of the weld image along the edge of the density change.

DA localized darker density with fuzzy edges in the center of the width of the weld image.

Answer : B

Question 91

What is the "area of interest" on a weld radiograph?

AThe entire radiograph minus 2 in. (50.8 mm) from the edges

BOnly the area of contrasting density

CThe specific portion of a radiograph that needs to be evaluated

DThe portion that is less than 3t from the center of the radiograph, where t is the thickness of the weld

Answer : C

Question 92

At any time during the welding inspection, if defects are identified:

AThey should be corrected before welding proceeds further.

BThe inspector should seek engineering input on whether the defect is actually acceptable.

CThe inspector should determine whether the weld may be acceptable for the intended service.

DThe inspector should examine all welds produced by the same welder.

Answer : A

Question 93

What is the major cause of lack of fusion in all welding processes involving carbon steel?

AInadequate preheat

BImproper welding speed

CImproper heat input and improper welding technique

DNot using a low hydrogen electrode or improper shielding

Answer : C

Question 94

What is the most capable NDE method for finding a discontinuity such as incomplete fusion in a joint?

AMT

BUT

CET

DRT

Answer : B

Question 95

Which of the following transfer methods associated with GMAW is characterized by a highly directed stream of discrete drops that are accelerated by arc forces, and negligible spatter?

APulsed droplet transfer

BShort circuiting transfer

CGlobular transfer

DSpray transfer

Answer : D

Question 96

What term is used to describe the mechanical working of metals using impact blows?

AHammering

BMechanical stress relieving

CNeedle gunning

DPeening

Answer : D

Question 97

What GMAW welding process uses carbon dioxide as the shielding gas, and is limited to the flat and horizontal position?

ASpray transfer

BPulsed transfer

CGlobular transfer

DShort circuiting transfer

Answer : C

Question 98

Which of the following is the test that can measure most aspects of weldability?

AImpact testing

BThere is no single test

CWeld tension tests

DBend testing

Answer : B

Question 99

For hot tap and in-service welding, above what carbon equivalent limit is it recommended to use extra low hydrogen electrodes to weld carbon steels?

A0.30%

B0.35%

C0.42%

D0.48%

Answer : C

Question 100

General awareness of metallurgy is important to the welding inspector because:

AWelding processes can affect both mechanical and corrosion properties of a weldment.

BThe crystalline structure of base metals affects the resulting structure of the weld.

CPhysical properties of the final weldment can be significantly affected by preheat and postweld heat treatment (PWHT).

DA thorough knowledge of weld metal structures is necessary to understand weldability.

Answer : A

Question 101

What does an AWS classification number identify?

AElectrode diameter and strength

BElectrodes and welding rods

CChemical composition of the deposited weld metal

DBase metal and group number

Answer : B

Question 102

Which of the following is an important aspect of a qualified WPS?

AWelder qualification

BMaintaining project schedule

CWelding program effectiveness

DFabrication quality control

Answer : D

Question 103

To reduce exposure to moisture of low-hydrogen electrodes after they have been removed from the manufacturer's packaging, they should be stored:

AUnder low humidity conditions.

BIn warm holding ovens.

CIn sealed plastic containers.

DIn tightly sealed ovens.

Answer : B

Question 104

The simplest weldability tests are those that evaluate:

APorosity and slag inclusions of the weld.

BCracking and corrosion resistance of the weld.

CStrength and ductility of the weld.

DDuctility and hardness of the weld.

Answer : C

Question 105

A root opening of a groove weld is:

AThe surface of a joint member included in the groove.

BA separation at the joint root between the work pieces.

CThe beveled surface of the joint members.

DThat portion of the groove face adjacent to the joint root.

Answer : B

Question 106

Which of the following is the test that can measure most aspects of weldability?

AImpact testing

BThere is no single test

CWeld tension tests

DBend testing

Answer : B

Question 107

What is the most capable NDE method for finding a discontinuity such as incomplete fusion in a joint?

AMT

BUT

CET

DRT

Answer : B

Question 108

When performing a carbon steel to carbon steel hot tap where the CE of one of the metals is greater than 0.42%, which of the following electrodes should be used?

AE7048-H4

BE7048

CE7018-A1

DE7018

Answer : D

Question 109

If a test specimen from a welded coupon should fail during PQR mechanical tests:

AThree out of four of the required test specimens must pass.

BThe test coupon fails and a new coupon is required.

CTwo additional test specimens from the coupon must be tested and pass.

DThe WPS fails.

Answer : B

Question 110

The WPS gives the welder specific guidelines to:

ASet the machine amperage, voltage, and travel speed.

BConfirm the project heat input is followed during welding.

CSuccessfully complete production welds.

DMake imperfection/defect-free welds.

Answer : A

Question 111

What is the minimum liquid level that should be maintained above the area that is to be hot tapped on a storage tank or vessel?

A1 ft. (300 mm)

B2 ft. (600 mm)

C3 ft. (900 mm)

D4 ft. (1200 mm)

Answer : B

Question 112

In hardness testing of carbon steel weldment specimens, there is an approximate relationship between hardness and:

AToughness

BTensile strength

CDuctility

DYield strength

Answer : B

Question 113

A limitation of a stud arc welding (SW) process is:

AWelding rates are significantly lower than those obtained with SMAW.

BProcess is primarily suitable for only carbon steel and low alloy steels.

CProcess is limited to a flat position.

DWeld is not visible during the welding process.

Answer : C

Question 114

Which of the following has the lowest range of welding currents and electrode diameters associated with the GMAW process?

AShort circuiting transfer

BPulsed droplet transfer

CGlobular transfer

DSpray transfer

Answer : A

Question 115

ACFM is an NDE technique ideal for inspecting:

ANozzles, ring-grooves, and grind-out areas.

BLap joint welds and uphill welding.

CButt welds (single and double bevel) and plug welds.

DFillet welds, J-welds, and seal welds.

Answer : A

Question 116

The simplest weldability tests are those that evaluate:

APorosity and slag inclusions of the weld.

BCracking and corrosion resistance of the weld.

CStrength and ductility of the weld.

DDuctility and hardness of the weld.

Answer : C

Question 117

Hardenability of a steel can be an indirect indicator of:

AWeldability

BToughness

CStrength

DCooling rate

Answer : A

Question 118

Crater cracks typically occur:

AIn weld metal at the point where the arc terminates.

BIn the HAZ at the point where the arc initiates.

CIn weld metal at the point where the arc initiates.

DIn the HAZ at the point where the arc terminates.

Answer : A

Question 119

What is the "area of interest" on a weld radiograph?

AThe entire radiograph minus 2 in. (50.8 mm) from the edges

BOnly the area of contrasting density

CThe specific portion of a radiograph that needs to be evaluated

DThe portion that is less than 3t from the center of the radiograph, where t is the thickness of the weld

Answer : C

Question 120

What term is used to describe the mechanical working of metals using impact blows?

AHammering

BMechanical stress relieving

CNeedle gunning

DPeening

Answer : D

Question 121

Which of the following statements is true?

APQRs qualified on P8 materials also qualify for P1 materials.

BWelding procedures must be supported by more than one PQR.

CAll PQRs must be qualified with impact testing.

DOne PQR may support several WPSs.

Answer : D

Question 122

When performing a carbon steel to carbon steel hot tap where the CE of one of the metals is greater than 0.42%, which of the following electrodes should be used?

AE7048-H4

BE7048

CE7018-A1

DE7018

Answer : D

Question 123

What GMAW welding process uses carbon dioxide as the shielding gas, and is limited to the flat and horizontal position?

ASpray transfer

BPulsed transfer

CGlobular transfer

DShort circuiting transfer

Answer : C

Question 124

Hot tapping and in-service welding should be carried out only with:

ASteels that have a carbon equivalent below 0.30.

BCellulosic-type electrodes to reduce penetration.

CLow-hydrogen consumables and electrodes.

DLow-hydrogen root pass and cellulosic weld out.

Answer : C

Question 125

At any time during the welding inspection, if defects are identified:

AThey should be corrected before welding proceeds further.

BThe inspector should seek engineering input on whether the defect is actually acceptable.

CThe inspector should determine whether the weld may be acceptable for the intended service.

DThe inspector should examine all welds produced by the same welder.

Answer : A

Question 126

A crack with its major axis oriented approximately perpendicular to the weld axis is called a:

ALamellar crack.

BNon-directional crack.

CTransverse crack.

DPerpendicular crack.

Answer : C

Question 127

Items to be included in the PQR for the SMAW process are:

AWelding process used and AWS classification numbers.

BWelding process used and P-numbers of coupon welded.

CP-numbers of coupon welded and AWS classification numbers.

DElectrode-flux class and electrical characteristics.

Answer : B

Question 128

Which welding process has been associated most with lack of fusion with shop-fabricated piping?

AGMAW-S

BGMAW-SF

CFCAW

DFCAW-SW

Answer : A

Question 129

API Recommended Practice 2201 primarily covers the:

AWPS/PQR aspects of in-service welding.

BTechnical aspects of hot tapping.

CSafety aspects of in-service welding.

DWeldability aspects of in-service welding.

Answer : C

Question 130

If a nonessential variable is changed on a WPS, which of the following actions must occur?

AThe welding inspector can simply make the change on the WPS and initial as proof of acceptance.

BIt may be changed on the WPS without requalifying the welding procedure.

CThe welding procedure will need to be requalified by performing mechanical testing.

DImpact testing must be performed at the discretion of the welding engineer.

Answer : B

Question 131

Hardenability of a steel can be an indirect indicator of:

AWeldability

BToughness

CStrength

DCooling rate

Answer : A

Question 132

Mechanical tests are required to qualify a welding procedure to document that the properties of the weldment meet which of the following?

AThe expected load for which the weld will be subject.

BThe minimum established acceptance criteria.

CThe requirements as established in ASME Section XI.

DThe same criteria required for welder qualification.

Answer : B

Question 133

A limitation of a stud arc welding (SW) process is:

AWelding rates are significantly lower than those obtained with SMAW.

BProcess is primarily suitable for only carbon steel and low alloy steels.

CProcess is limited to a flat position.

DWeld is not visible during the welding process.

Answer : C

Question 134

At any time during the welding inspection, if defects are identified:

AThey should be corrected before welding proceeds further.

BThe inspector should seek engineering input on whether the defect is actually acceptable.

CThe inspector should determine whether the weld may be acceptable for the intended service.

DThe inspector should examine all welds produced by the same welder.

Answer : A

Question 135

Which of the following is a hazard associated with in-service welding on a carbon steel pipe containing chlorine?

AExplosion or unstable reaction with the addition of localized heat.

BExothermic decomposition or explosion.

CCarbon steel will burn in the presence of chlorine and high heat.

DHydrogen released during welding process can initiate hydrogen-assisted cracking.

Answer : A

Question 136

According to the PQR 8025, does the thickness range qualified concur with the thickness range as stated on the WPS 802?

AYes, but only for thicknesses greater than .280'

BNo, the material thickness on the PQR should be .375'

CYes, the PQR qualifies the ranges as stated on the WPS

DNo, the PQR thickness should have been .560'

Answer : C

Question 137

For SMAW welding, the last number of the electrode identification identifies:

AChemical composition.

BElectrode operating characteristics.

CWelding position.

DCoating operating characteristics.

Answer : D

Question 138

Which of the following transfer methods associated with GMAW is characterized by a highly directed stream of discrete drops that are accelerated by arc forces, and negligible spatter?

APulsed droplet transfer

BShort circuiting transfer

CGlobular transfer

DSpray transfer

Answer : D

Question 139

Which of the following can result from residual magnetism left in a partially completed weld?

AExcessive distortion

BTendency of weld pool to be sluggish

CDeflection of the weld arc

DSolidification cracking

Answer : C

Question 140

Which of the following is the test that can measure most aspects of weldability?

AImpact testing

BThere is no single test

CWeld tension tests

DBend testing

Answer : B

Question 141

Hot tapping and in-service welding should be carried out only with:

ASteels that have a carbon equivalent below 0.30.

BCellulosic-type electrodes to reduce penetration.

CLow-hydrogen consumables and electrodes.

DLow-hydrogen root pass and cellulosic weld out.

Answer : C

Question 142

What is the minimum liquid level that should be maintained above the area that is to be hot tapped on a storage tank or vessel?

A1 ft. (300 mm)

B2 ft. (600 mm)

C3 ft. (900 mm)

D4 ft. (1200 mm)

Answer : B

Question 143

What is the major cause of lack of fusion in all welding processes involving carbon steel?

AInadequate preheat

BImproper welding speed

CImproper heat input and improper welding technique

DNot using a low hydrogen electrode or improper shielding

Answer : C

Question 144

What is a discontinuity?

AAn interruption in the normal physical structure of a material.

BAn imperfection which is detectable with NDE.

CThe response or evidence from the application of NDE.

DA departure of a quality characteristic from its intended condition.

Answer : A

Question 145

Hardenability of a steel can be an indirect indicator of:

AWeldability

BToughness

CStrength

DCooling rate

Answer : A

Question 146

What does an AWS classification number identify?

AElectrode diameter and strength

BElectrodes and welding rods

CChemical composition of the deposited weld metal

DBase metal and group number

Answer : B

Question 147

What is the most appropriate action when an inspector finds improperly marked filler materials?

AAccept them if nonessential variable.

BReject them.

CRe-qualify the WPS.

DAccept them if the markings are corrected.

Answer : B

Question 148

Which of the following is an important aspect of a qualified WPS?

AWelder qualification

BMaintaining project schedule

CWelding program effectiveness

DFabrication quality control

Answer : D

Question 149

Which of the following is a hazard associated with in-service welding on a carbon steel pipe containing chlorine?

AExplosion or unstable reaction with the addition of localized heat.

BExothermic decomposition or explosion.

CCarbon steel will burn in the presence of chlorine and high heat.

DHydrogen released during welding process can initiate hydrogen-assisted cracking.

Answer : A

Question 150

If a nonessential variable is changed on a WPS, which of the following actions must occur?

AThe welding inspector can simply make the change on the WPS and initial as proof of acceptance.

BIt may be changed on the WPS without requalifying the welding procedure.

CThe welding procedure will need to be requalified by performing mechanical testing.

DImpact testing must be performed at the discretion of the welding engineer.

Answer : B

Question 151

Which of the following is a practical solution to eliminate or reduce porosity when welding carbon steel?

AReduce travel speed

BProper shielding

CLower heat input

DArc length control

Answer : B

Question 152

For carbon steels, the HAZ includes those regions heated to a temperature greater than:

A1050F (556C)

B1150F (621C)

C1250F (677C)

D1350F (730C)

Answer : B

Question 153

The WPS gives the welder specific guidelines to:

ASet the machine amperage, voltage, and travel speed.

BConfirm the project heat input is followed during welding.

CSuccessfully complete production welds.

DMake imperfection/defect-free welds.

Answer : A

Question 154

Which of the following is the test that can measure most aspects of weldability?

AImpact testing

BThere is no single test

CWeld tension tests

DBend testing

Answer : B

Question 155

A-number groupings are based upon the:

AChemical composition of the deposited weld metal.

BComparable base metal ultimate strength values.

CWeldability characteristics of the metal.

DType and strength of base metal.

Answer : A

Question 156

A crack with its major axis oriented approximately perpendicular to the weld axis is called a:

ALamellar crack.

BNon-directional crack.

CTransverse crack.

DPerpendicular crack.

Answer : C

Question 157

Base metals are assigned P-numbers by the ASME Code, Section IX to reduce the number of:

ARequired welding procedure specifications.

BRequired welding procedure qualifications.

CRequired procedure and performance qualifications.

DRequired mechanical tests.

Answer : C

Question 158

Which of the following has the lowest range of welding currents and electrode diameters associated with the GMAW process?

AShort circuiting transfer

BPulsed droplet transfer

CGlobular transfer

DSpray transfer

Answer : A

Question 159

What is a discontinuity?

AAn interruption in the normal physical structure of a material.

BAn imperfection which is detectable with NDE.

CThe response or evidence from the application of NDE.

DA departure of a quality characteristic from its intended condition.

Answer : A

Question 160

API Recommended Practice 2201 primarily covers the:

AWPS/PQR aspects of in-service welding.

BTechnical aspects of hot tapping.

CSafety aspects of in-service welding.

DWeldability aspects of in-service welding.

Answer : C

Question 161

The direction of magnetic flux can be confirmed by the use of a:

APie gauge.

BMagnetic-field-sensitive crayon.

CFlux line sensitizer.

DCalibration gauge.

Answer : A

Question 162

What is the major cause of lack of fusion in all welding processes involving carbon steel?

AInadequate preheat

BImproper welding speed

CImproper heat input and improper welding technique

DNot using a low hydrogen electrode or improper shielding

Answer : C

Question 163

Which of the following is the test that can measure most aspects of weldability?

AImpact testing

BThere is no single test

CWeld tension tests

DBend testing

Answer : B

Question 164

Crater cracks typically occur:

AIn weld metal at the point where the arc terminates.

BIn the HAZ at the point where the arc initiates.

CIn weld metal at the point where the arc initiates.

DIn the HAZ at the point where the arc terminates.

Answer : A

Question 165

Which of the following can result from residual magnetism left in a partially completed weld?

AExcessive distortion

BTendency of weld pool to be sluggish

CDeflection of the weld arc

DSolidification cracking

Answer : C

Question 166

A root opening of a groove weld is:

AThe surface of a joint member included in the groove.

BA separation at the joint root between the work pieces.

CThe beveled surface of the joint members.

DThat portion of the groove face adjacent to the joint root.

Answer : B

Question 167

Filler metals are grouped according to their A-numbers to:

AMinimize the number of performance qualifications.

BMinimize the number of welding procedure qualifications.

CDefine the welding characteristics.

DDesignate similar chemical compositions.

Answer : D

Question 168

Stud arc welding is a specialized process predominantly limited to welding:

ANon-load-bearing welds.

BInsulation and refractory pins.

CFlat position welds.

DNon-pressure-containing welds.

Answer : B

Question 169

When verifying that the filler metal selection is appropriate for the base metal being welded, an inspector should consider:

AChemical composition.

BTensile strength to be higher than the base metal.

CAcceptability of physical properties.

DNeed for postweld heat treatment (PWHT).

Answer : A

Question 170

What is a discontinuity?

AAn interruption in the normal physical structure of a material.

BAn imperfection which is detectable with NDE.

CThe response or evidence from the application of NDE.

DA departure of a quality characteristic from its intended condition.

Answer : A

Question 171

At any time during the welding inspection, if defects are identified:

AThey should be corrected before welding proceeds further.

BThe inspector should seek engineering input on whether the defect is actually acceptable.

CThe inspector should determine whether the weld may be acceptable for the intended service.

DThe inspector should examine all welds produced by the same welder.

Answer : A

Question 172

What is the "area of interest" on a weld radiograph?

AThe entire radiograph minus 2 in. (50.8 mm) from the edges

BOnly the area of contrasting density

CThe specific portion of a radiograph that needs to be evaluated

DThe portion that is less than 3t from the center of the radiograph, where t is the thickness of the weld

Answer : C

Question 173

What term is used to describe the mechanical working of metals using impact blows?

AHammering

BMechanical stress relieving

CNeedle gunning

DPeening

Answer : D

Question 174

What is the purpose of a PQR?

ATo provide direction to the welder making production welds.

BTo establish the properties of the weldment.

CTo document that a welder has correctly followed a WPS.

DTo establish a welder's capability to make a quality weld.

Answer : B

Question 175

What is the minimum liquid level that should be maintained above the area that is to be hot tapped on a storage tank or vessel?

A1 ft. (300 mm)

B2 ft. (600 mm)

C3 ft. (900 mm)

D4 ft. (1200 mm)

Answer : B

Question 176

When welding using the shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) process, which of the following best describes the appearance of excessive penetration on a radiograph?

AA lighter density in the center of the width of the weld image, either extended along the weld or in isolated circular drops.

BAn irregular darker density near the center of the width of the weld image along the edge of the root pass image.

CAn abrupt density change across the width of the weld image with a straight longitudinal darker density line at the center of the width of the weld image along the edge of the density change.

DA localized darker density with fuzzy edges in the center of the width of the weld image.

Answer : B

Question 177

Which of the following is a practical solution to eliminate or reduce porosity when welding carbon steel?

AReduce travel speed

BProper shielding

CLower heat input

DArc length control

Answer : B

Question 178

Which of the following can result from residual magnetism left in a partially completed weld?

AExcessive distortion

BTendency of weld pool to be sluggish

CDeflection of the weld arc

DSolidification cracking

Answer : C

Question 179

Exposed film that allows 1% of the incident light to pass through has a film density of:

A1.0

B2.0

C3.0

D4.0

Answer : C

Question 180

What is the maximum temperature at which ACFM may be used?

A300F (150C)

B500F (260C)

C900F (480C)

D1000F (540C)

Answer : B

Question 181

What is(are) the most appropriate action(s) to prepare an in-service carbon steel piping system that has been in caustic service for welding?

ANeutralize and clean the surface within 6 in. (150 mm) of weld bevels

BSteam out the piping system and dry

CVerify with pH paper that any surface liquid is ''basic'

DGrind the surfaces near the bevel to remove contaminants

Answer : A

Question 182

To reduce exposure to moisture of low-hydrogen electrodes after they have been removed from the manufacturer's packaging, they should be stored:

AUnder low humidity conditions.

BIn warm holding ovens.

CIn sealed plastic containers.

DIn tightly sealed ovens.

Answer : B

Question 183

One of the main differences between welding nickel alloys and austenitic stainless steels is that with nickel alloys:

AInterpass temperature control is not needed.

BThere is less susceptibility to cracking from contaminants.

CThere is less susceptibility to lack of fusion.

DThe weld pool tends to be sluggish.

Answer : D

Question 184

A limitation of a stud arc welding (SW) process is:

AWelding rates are significantly lower than those obtained with SMAW.

BProcess is primarily suitable for only carbon steel and low alloy steels.

CProcess is limited to a flat position.

DWeld is not visible during the welding process.

Answer : C

Question 185

For SMAW welding, the last number of the electrode identification identifies:

AChemical composition.

BElectrode operating characteristics.

CWelding position.

DCoating operating characteristics.

Answer : D

Question 186

What is the most capable NDE method for finding a discontinuity such as incomplete fusion in a joint?

AMT

BUT

CET

DRT

Answer : B

Question 187

What does an AWS classification number identify?

AElectrode diameter and strength

BElectrodes and welding rods

CChemical composition of the deposited weld metal

DBase metal and group number

Answer : B

Question 188

Base metals are assigned P-numbers by the ASME Code, Section IX to reduce the number of:

ARequired welding procedure specifications.

BRequired welding procedure qualifications.

CRequired procedure and performance qualifications.

DRequired mechanical tests.

Answer : C

Question 189

When performing a carbon steel to carbon steel hot tap where the CE of one of the metals is greater than 0.42%, which of the following electrodes should be used?

AE7048-H4

BE7048

CE7018-A1

DE7018

Answer : D

Question 190

A ''mill certificate" is a/an:

AAnalysis of the chemical elements in an ingot.

BChemical analysis of a base metal to be welded.

CList of the chemical and mechanical properties specified by a purchaser.

DProduct analysis of mechanical properties of a base metal.

Answer : C

Question 191

Which of the following is the test that can measure most aspects of weldability?

AImpact testing

BThere is no single test

CWeld tension tests

DBend testing

Answer : B

Question 192

Which of the following has the lowest range of welding currents and electrode diameters associated with the GMAW process?

AShort circuiting transfer

BPulsed droplet transfer

CGlobular transfer

DSpray transfer

Answer : A

Question 193

Exposed film that allows 1% of the incident light to pass through has a film density of:

A1.0

B2.0

C3.0

D4.0

Answer : C

Question 194

The direction of magnetic flux can be confirmed by the use of a:

APie gauge.

BMagnetic-field-sensitive crayon.

CFlux line sensitizer.

DCalibration gauge.

Answer : A

Question 195

Crater cracks typically occur:

AIn weld metal at the point where the arc terminates.

BIn the HAZ at the point where the arc initiates.

CIn weld metal at the point where the arc initiates.

DIn the HAZ at the point where the arc terminates.

Answer : A

Question 196

The simplest weldability tests are those that evaluate:

APorosity and slag inclusions of the weld.

BCracking and corrosion resistance of the weld.

CStrength and ductility of the weld.

DDuctility and hardness of the weld.

Answer : C

Question 197

Filler metals are grouped according to their A-numbers to:

AMinimize the number of performance qualifications.

BMinimize the number of welding procedure qualifications.

CDefine the welding characteristics.

DDesignate similar chemical compositions.

Answer : D

Question 198

Which of the following is an important aspect of a qualified WPS?

AWelder qualification

BMaintaining project schedule

CWelding program effectiveness

DFabrication quality control

Answer : D

Question 199

What does an AWS classification number identify?

AElectrode diameter and strength

BElectrodes and welding rods

CChemical composition of the deposited weld metal

DBase metal and group number

Answer : B

Question 200

What is the liquid flow rate range that should be maintained in piping to be hot tapped?

A0.05 - 2.7 ft./sec (0.015 - 0.82 m/sec)

B1.3 - 4.0 ft./sec (0.40 - 1.20 m/sec)

C2.3 - 3.3 ft./sec (0.70 - 1.00 m/sec)

D4.1 - 5.5 ft./sec (1.25 - 1.68 m/sec)

Answer : B

Question 201

API Recommended Practice 2201 primarily covers the:

AWPS/PQR aspects of in-service welding.

BTechnical aspects of hot tapping.

CSafety aspects of in-service welding.

DWeldability aspects of in-service welding.

Answer : C

Question 202

Which of the following transfer methods associated with GMAW is characterized by a highly directed stream of discrete drops that are accelerated by arc forces, and negligible spatter?

APulsed droplet transfer

BShort circuiting transfer

CGlobular transfer

DSpray transfer

Answer : D

Question 203

What term is used to describe the mechanical working of metals using impact blows?

AHammering

BMechanical stress relieving

CNeedle gunning

DPeening

Answer : D

Question 204

What increases when a welder increases the amperage?

AVoltage

BArc length

CHeat

DTravel speed

Answer : C

Question 205

Crater cracks typically occur:

AIn weld metal at the point where the arc terminates.

BIn the HAZ at the point where the arc initiates.

CIn weld metal at the point where the arc initiates.

DIn the HAZ at the point where the arc terminates.

Answer : A

Question 206

If a test specimen from a welded coupon should fail during PQR mechanical tests:

AThree out of four of the required test specimens must pass.

BThe test coupon fails and a new coupon is required.

CTwo additional test specimens from the coupon must be tested and pass.

DThe WPS fails.

Answer : B

Question 207

Which of the following is a practical solution to eliminate or reduce porosity when welding carbon steel?

AReduce travel speed

BProper shielding

CLower heat input

DArc length control

Answer : B

Question 208

A limitation of a stud arc welding (SW) process is:

AWelding rates are significantly lower than those obtained with SMAW.

BProcess is primarily suitable for only carbon steel and low alloy steels.

CProcess is limited to a flat position.

DWeld is not visible during the welding process.

Answer : C

Question 209

What is(are) the most appropriate action(s) to prepare an in-service carbon steel piping system that has been in caustic service for welding?

ANeutralize and clean the surface within 6 in. (150 mm) of weld bevels

BSteam out the piping system and dry

CVerify with pH paper that any surface liquid is ''basic'

DGrind the surfaces near the bevel to remove contaminants

Answer : A

Question 210

If a nonessential variable is changed on a WPS, which of the following actions must occur?

AThe welding inspector can simply make the change on the WPS and initial as proof of acceptance.

BIt may be changed on the WPS without requalifying the welding procedure.

CThe welding procedure will need to be requalified by performing mechanical testing.

DImpact testing must be performed at the discretion of the welding engineer.

Answer : B

Question 211

Base metals are assigned P-numbers by the ASME Code, Section IX to reduce the number of:

ARequired welding procedure specifications.

BRequired welding procedure qualifications.

CRequired procedure and performance qualifications.

DRequired mechanical tests.

Answer : C

Question 212

A crack with its major axis oriented approximately perpendicular to the weld axis is called a:

ALamellar crack.

BNon-directional crack.

CTransverse crack.

DPerpendicular crack.

Answer : C

Question 213

One of the main differences between welding nickel alloys and austenitic stainless steels is that with nickel alloys:

AInterpass temperature control is not needed.

BThere is less susceptibility to cracking from contaminants.

CThere is less susceptibility to lack of fusion.

DThe weld pool tends to be sluggish.

Answer : D

Question 214

Items to be included in the PQR for the SMAW process are:

AWelding process used and AWS classification numbers.

BWelding process used and P-numbers of coupon welded.

CP-numbers of coupon welded and AWS classification numbers.

DElectrode-flux class and electrical characteristics.

Answer : B

Question 215

Which welding process has been associated most with lack of fusion with shop-fabricated piping?

AGMAW-S

BGMAW-SF

CFCAW

DFCAW-SW

Answer : A

Question 216

What term is used to describe the mechanical working of metals using impact blows?

AHammering

BMechanical stress relieving

CNeedle gunning

DPeening

Answer : D

Question 217

Which of the following is an important aspect of a qualified WPS?

AWelder qualification

BMaintaining project schedule

CWelding program effectiveness

DFabrication quality control

Answer : D

Question 218

For carbon steels, the HAZ includes those regions heated to a temperature greater than:

A1050F (556C)

B1150F (621C)

C1250F (677C)

D1350F (730C)

Answer : B

Question 219

For what maximum outside diameter may a radiographic technique be used in which the radiation passes through two walls and the weld in both walls is viewed for acceptance?

A1.5 in. (38.0 mm)

B2.5 in. (63.5 mm)

C3 in. (76.2 mm)

D3.5 in. (90.0 mm)

Answer : C

Question 220

Which of the following transfer methods associated with GMAW is characterized by a highly directed stream of discrete drops that are accelerated by arc forces, and negligible spatter?

APulsed droplet transfer

BShort circuiting transfer

CGlobular transfer

DSpray transfer

Answer : D

Question 221

Refer to the following diagram:

Item#4 represents:

Abevel face.

Bbevel angle.

Cgroove angle.

Dgroove face.

Answer : B

Question 222

For SMAW welding, the last number of the electrode identification identifies:

AChemical composition.

BElectrode operating characteristics.

CWelding position.

DCoating operating characteristics.

Answer : D

Question 223

Stud arc welding is a specialized process predominantly limited to welding:

ANon-load-bearing welds.

BInsulation and refractory pins.

CFlat position welds.

DNon-pressure-containing welds.

Answer : B

Question 224

Mechanical tests are required to qualify a welding procedure to document that the properties of the weldment meet which of the following?

AThe expected load for which the weld will be subject.

BThe minimum established acceptance criteria.

CThe requirements as established in ASME Section XI.

DThe same criteria required for welder qualification.

Answer : B

Question 225

What is the "area of interest" on a weld radiograph?

AThe entire radiograph minus 2 in. (50.8 mm) from the edges

BOnly the area of contrasting density

CThe specific portion of a radiograph that needs to be evaluated

DThe portion that is less than 3t from the center of the radiograph, where t is the thickness of the weld

Answer : C

Question 226

For hot tap and in-service welding, above what carbon equivalent limit is it recommended to use extra low hydrogen electrodes to weld carbon steels?

A0.30%

B0.35%

C0.42%

D0.48%

Answer : C

Question 227

Which of the following is a hazard associated with in-service welding on a carbon steel pipe containing chlorine?

AExplosion or unstable reaction with the addition of localized heat.

BExothermic decomposition or explosion.

CCarbon steel will burn in the presence of chlorine and high heat.

DHydrogen released during welding process can initiate hydrogen-assisted cracking.

Answer : A

Question 228

Which of the following is the test that can measure most aspects of weldability?

AImpact testing

BThere is no single test

CWeld tension tests

DBend testing

Answer : B

Question 229

What increases when a welder increases the amperage?

AVoltage

BArc length

CHeat

DTravel speed

Answer : C

Question 230

Items to be included in the PQR for the SMAW process are:

AWelding process used and AWS classification numbers.

BWelding process used and P-numbers of coupon welded.

CP-numbers of coupon welded and AWS classification numbers.

DElectrode-flux class and electrical characteristics.

Answer : B

Question 231

API Recommended Practice 577 provides:

AA definition of welds that should be inspected in refinery and chemical plant equipment.

BA definition of specific techniques and practices that should be used for welding inspection.

CGuidance on the extent and scope of inspection required for specific types of welds.

DGuidance on welding inspection during the fabrication and repairing of refinery equipment and piping.

Answer : D

Question 232

If a test specimen from a welded coupon should fail during PQR mechanical tests:

AThree out of four of the required test specimens must pass.

BThe test coupon fails and a new coupon is required.

CTwo additional test specimens from the coupon must be tested and pass.

DThe WPS fails.

Answer : B

Question 233

A root opening of a groove weld is:

AThe surface of a joint member included in the groove.

BA separation at the joint root between the work pieces.

CThe beveled surface of the joint members.

DThat portion of the groove face adjacent to the joint root.

Answer : B

Question 234

What term is used to describe the mechanical working of metals using impact blows?

AHammering

BMechanical stress relieving

CNeedle gunning

DPeening

Answer : D

Question 235

For what maximum outside diameter may a radiographic technique be used in which the radiation passes through two walls and the weld in both walls is viewed for acceptance?

A1.5 in. (38.0 mm)

B2.5 in. (63.5 mm)

C3 in. (76.2 mm)

D3.5 in. (90.0 mm)

Answer : C

Question 236

What is the most capable NDE method for finding a discontinuity such as incomplete fusion in a joint?

AMT

BUT

CET

DRT

Answer : B

Question 237

When performing a carbon steel to carbon steel hot tap where the CE of one of the metals is greater than 0.42%, which of the following electrodes should be used?

AE7048-H4

BE7048

CE7018-A1

DE7018

Answer : D

Question 238

To reduce exposure to moisture of low-hydrogen electrodes after they have been removed from the manufacturer's packaging, they should be stored:

AUnder low humidity conditions.

BIn warm holding ovens.

CIn sealed plastic containers.

DIn tightly sealed ovens.

Answer : B

Question 239

Which of the following is an important aspect of a qualified WPS?

AWelder qualification

BMaintaining project schedule

CWelding program effectiveness

DFabrication quality control

Answer : D

Question 240

What does an AWS classification number identify?

AElectrode diameter and strength

BElectrodes and welding rods

CChemical composition of the deposited weld metal

DBase metal and group number

Answer : B

Question 241

When welding using the shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) process, which of the following best describes the appearance of excessive penetration on a radiograph?

AA lighter density in the center of the width of the weld image, either extended along the weld or in isolated circular drops.

BAn irregular darker density near the center of the width of the weld image along the edge of the root pass image.

CAn abrupt density change across the width of the weld image with a straight longitudinal darker density line at the center of the width of the weld image along the edge of the density change.

DA localized darker density with fuzzy edges in the center of the width of the weld image.

Answer : B

Question 242

According to the PQR 8025, does the thickness range qualified concur with the thickness range as stated on the WPS 802?

AYes, but only for thicknesses greater than .280'

BNo, the material thickness on the PQR should be .375'

CYes, the PQR qualifies the ranges as stated on the WPS

DNo, the PQR thickness should have been .560'

Answer : C

Question 243

Which welding process produces a fast-freezing weld pool and is generally suited for joining thin sections or root passes?

AGMAW-S

BGTAW

CGMAW

DFCAW

Answer : B

Question 244

The direction of magnetic flux can be confirmed by the use of a:

APie gauge.

BMagnetic-field-sensitive crayon.

CFlux line sensitizer.

DCalibration gauge.

Answer : A

Question 245

What is the maximum temperature at which ACFM may be used?

A300F (150C)

B500F (260C)

C900F (480C)

D1000F (540C)

Answer : B

Question 246

For GMAW welding, the last number of the electrode identifies the:

AChemical composition.

BStrength of the electrode.

CCoating characteristics.

DOperating characteristics.

Answer : D

Question 247

If a nonessential variable is changed on a WPS, which of the following actions must occur?

AThe welding inspector can simply make the change on the WPS and initial as proof of acceptance.

BIt may be changed on the WPS without requalifying the welding procedure.

CThe welding procedure will need to be requalified by performing mechanical testing.

DImpact testing must be performed at the discretion of the welding engineer.

Answer : B

Question 248

Refer to the following diagram:

Item#4 represents:

Abevel face.

Bbevel angle.

Cgroove angle.

Dgroove face.

Answer : B

Question 249

The simplest weldability tests are those that evaluate:

APorosity and slag inclusions of the weld.

BCracking and corrosion resistance of the weld.

CStrength and ductility of the weld.

DDuctility and hardness of the weld.

Answer : C

Question 250

A1%-10%

B5%-20%

C8%-18%

D15%-20%

Answer : C

Question 251

The carbon equivalent formula indicates:

AWhether postweld heat treatment (PWHT) will be needed.

BWhether preheat will be needed.

CThe theoretical carbon content of a steel.

DThe weldability of a steel, based on carbon content.

Answer : D

Question 252

What is the minimum liquid level that should be maintained above the area that is to be hot tapped on a storage tank or vessel?

A1 ft. (300 mm)

B2 ft. (600 mm)

C3 ft. (900 mm)

D4 ft. (1200 mm)

Answer : B

Question 253

Stud arc welding is a specialized process predominantly limited to welding:

ANon-load-bearing welds.

BInsulation and refractory pins.

CFlat position welds.

DNon-pressure-containing welds.

Answer : B

Question 254

ACFM is an NDE technique ideal for inspecting:

ANozzles, ring-grooves, and grind-out areas.

BLap joint welds and uphill welding.

CButt welds (single and double bevel) and plug welds.

DFillet welds, J-welds, and seal welds.

Answer : A

Question 255

Crater cracks typically occur:

AIn weld metal at the point where the arc terminates.

BIn the HAZ at the point where the arc initiates.

CIn weld metal at the point where the arc initiates.

DIn the HAZ at the point where the arc terminates.

Answer : A

Question 256

To reduce exposure to moisture of low-hydrogen electrodes after they have been removed from the manufacturer's packaging, they should be stored:

AUnder low humidity conditions.

BIn warm holding ovens.

CIn sealed plastic containers.

DIn tightly sealed ovens.

Answer : B

Question 257

Which welding process has been associated most with lack of fusion with shop-fabricated piping?

AGMAW-S

BGMAW-SF

CFCAW

DFCAW-SW

Answer : A

Question 258

What GMAW welding process uses carbon dioxide as the shielding gas, and is limited to the flat and horizontal position?

ASpray transfer

BPulsed transfer

CGlobular transfer

DShort circuiting transfer

Answer : C

Question 259

Base metals are assigned P-numbers by the ASME Code, Section IX to reduce the number of:

ARequired welding procedure specifications.

BRequired welding procedure qualifications.

CRequired procedure and performance qualifications.

DRequired mechanical tests.

Answer : C

Question 260

For SMAW welding, the last number of the electrode identification identifies:

AChemical composition.

BElectrode operating characteristics.

CWelding position.

DCoating operating characteristics.

Answer : D

Question 261

A1%-10%

B5%-20%

C8%-18%

D15%-20%

Answer : C

Question 262

A crack with its major axis oriented approximately perpendicular to the weld axis is called a:

ALamellar crack.

BNon-directional crack.

CTransverse crack.

DPerpendicular crack.

Answer : C

Question 263

Refer to the following diagram:

Item#1 represents:

Aroot opening.

Broot weld size.

Cgroove weld size.

Droot face.

Answer : A

Question 264

General awareness of metallurgy is important to the welding inspector because:

AWelding processes can affect both mechanical and corrosion properties of a weldment.

BThe crystalline structure of base metals affects the resulting structure of the weld.

CPhysical properties of the final weldment can be significantly affected by preheat and postweld heat treatment (PWHT).

DA thorough knowledge of weld metal structures is necessary to understand weldability.

Answer : A

Question 265

What is(are) the most appropriate action(s) to prepare an in-service carbon steel piping system that has been in caustic service for welding?

ANeutralize and clean the surface within 6 in. (150 mm) of weld bevels

BSteam out the piping system and dry

CVerify with pH paper that any surface liquid is ''basic'

DGrind the surfaces near the bevel to remove contaminants

Answer : A

Question 266

What is the minimum liquid level that should be maintained above the area that is to be hot tapped on a storage tank or vessel?

A1 ft. (300 mm)

B2 ft. (600 mm)

C3 ft. (900 mm)

D4 ft. (1200 mm)

Answer : B

Question 267

Hot tapping and in-service welding should be carried out only with:

ASteels that have a carbon equivalent below 0.30.

BCellulosic-type electrodes to reduce penetration.

CLow-hydrogen consumables and electrodes.

DLow-hydrogen root pass and cellulosic weld out.

Answer : C

Question 268

Stud arc welding is a specialized process predominantly limited to welding:

ANon-load-bearing welds.

BInsulation and refractory pins.

CFlat position welds.

DNon-pressure-containing welds.

Answer : B

Question 269

Exposed film that allows 1% of the incident light to pass through has a film density of:

A1.0

B2.0

C3.0

D4.0

Answer : C

Question 270

In hardness testing of carbon steel weldment specimens, there is an approximate relationship between hardness and:

AToughness

BTensile strength

CDuctility

DYield strength

Answer : B

Question 271

A welding engineer or inspector should be notified when a weld has failed a weld quality test more than how many times in order to help determine the cause of the test failure?

AONCE

BTWICE

CTHREE TIMES

DFOUR TIMES

Answer : B

Question 272

The WPS gives the welder specific guidelines to:

ASet the machine amperage, voltage, and travel speed.

BConfirm the project heat input is followed during welding.

CSuccessfully complete production welds.

DMake imperfection/defect-free welds.

Answer : A

Question 273

What increases when a welder increases the amperage?

AVoltage

BArc length

CHeat

DTravel speed

Answer : C

Question 274

What term is used to describe the mechanical working of metals using impact blows?

AHammering

BMechanical stress relieving

CNeedle gunning

DPeening

Answer : D

Question 275

As a result of welding, metals with a high coefficient of thermal expansion are:

AMore susceptible to distortion during welding.

BLess susceptible to cracking during welding.

CMore susceptible to brittle fracture.

DLess susceptible to brittle fracture.

Answer : A

Question 276

What is the most appropriate action when an inspector finds improperly marked filler materials?

AAccept them if nonessential variable.

BReject them.

CRe-qualify the WPS.

DAccept them if the markings are corrected.

Answer : B

Question 277

The direction of magnetic flux can be confirmed by the use of a:

APie gauge.

BMagnetic-field-sensitive crayon.

CFlux line sensitizer.

DCalibration gauge.

Answer : A

Question 278

API Recommended Practice 2201 primarily covers the:

AWPS/PQR aspects of in-service welding.

BTechnical aspects of hot tapping.

CSafety aspects of in-service welding.

DWeldability aspects of in-service welding.

Answer : C

Question 279

A root opening of a groove weld is:

AThe surface of a joint member included in the groove.

BA separation at the joint root between the work pieces.

CThe beveled surface of the joint members.

DThat portion of the groove face adjacent to the joint root.

Answer : B

Question 280

When welding using the shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) process, which of the following best describes the appearance of excessive penetration on a radiograph?

AA lighter density in the center of the width of the weld image, either extended along the weld or in isolated circular drops.

BAn irregular darker density near the center of the width of the weld image along the edge of the root pass image.

CAn abrupt density change across the width of the weld image with a straight longitudinal darker density line at the center of the width of the weld image along the edge of the density change.

DA localized darker density with fuzzy edges in the center of the width of the weld image.

Answer : B

Question 281

ACFM is an NDE technique ideal for inspecting:

ANozzles, ring-grooves, and grind-out areas.

BLap joint welds and uphill welding.

CButt welds (single and double bevel) and plug welds.

DFillet welds, J-welds, and seal welds.

Answer : A

Question 282

Which welding process has been associated most with lack of fusion with shop-fabricated piping?

AGMAW-S

BGMAW-SF

CFCAW

DFCAW-SW

Answer : A

Question 283

A ''mill certificate" is a/an:

AAnalysis of the chemical elements in an ingot.

BChemical analysis of a base metal to be welded.

CList of the chemical and mechanical properties specified by a purchaser.

DProduct analysis of mechanical properties of a base metal.

Answer : C

Question 284

Which of the following is a hazard associated with in-service welding on a carbon steel pipe containing chlorine?

AExplosion or unstable reaction with the addition of localized heat.

BExothermic decomposition or explosion.

CCarbon steel will burn in the presence of chlorine and high heat.

DHydrogen released during welding process can initiate hydrogen-assisted cracking.

Answer : A

Question 285

Base metals are assigned P-numbers by the ASME Code, Section IX to reduce the number of:

ARequired welding procedure specifications.

BRequired welding procedure qualifications.

CRequired procedure and performance qualifications.

DRequired mechanical tests.

Answer : C

Question 286

What increases when a welder increases the amperage?

AVoltage

BArc length

CHeat

DTravel speed

Answer : C

Question 287

Filler metals are grouped according to their A-numbers to:

AMinimize the number of performance qualifications.

BMinimize the number of welding procedure qualifications.

CDefine the welding characteristics.

DDesignate similar chemical compositions.

Answer : D

Question 288

At any time during the welding inspection, if defects are identified:

AThey should be corrected before welding proceeds further.

BThe inspector should seek engineering input on whether the defect is actually acceptable.

CThe inspector should determine whether the weld may be acceptable for the intended service.

DThe inspector should examine all welds produced by the same welder.

Answer : A

Question 289

API Recommended Practice 2201 primarily covers the:

AWPS/PQR aspects of in-service welding.

BTechnical aspects of hot tapping.

CSafety aspects of in-service welding.

DWeldability aspects of in-service welding.

Answer : C

Question 290

Which of the following is an important aspect of a qualified WPS?

AWelder qualification

BMaintaining project schedule

CWelding program effectiveness

DFabrication quality control

Answer : D

Question 291

Remote examination of welds may use aids such as telescopes, borescopes, fiberscopes, cameras, or other suitable instruments provided they have:

AGood perception and the inspection would be approximately equal to a direct visual exam.

BSensitivity to find possible defects that a direct visual exam would produce.

CA resolution at least equivalent to that which is attained by direct visual examination.

DA greater acuity than the eye and the inspection would be better than a direct visual.

Answer : C

Question 292

Exposed film that allows 1% of the incident light to pass through has a film density of:

A1.0

B2.0

C3.0

D4.0

Answer : C

Question 293

If a test specimen from a welded coupon should fail during PQR mechanical tests:

AThree out of four of the required test specimens must pass.

BThe test coupon fails and a new coupon is required.

CTwo additional test specimens from the coupon must be tested and pass.

DThe WPS fails.

Answer : B

Question 294

Which of the following is the test that can measure most aspects of weldability?

AImpact testing

BThere is no single test

CWeld tension tests

DBend testing

Answer : B

Question 295

Items to be included in the PQR for the SMAW process are:

AWelding process used and AWS classification numbers.

BWelding process used and P-numbers of coupon welded.

CP-numbers of coupon welded and AWS classification numbers.

DElectrode-flux class and electrical characteristics.

Answer : B

Question 296

Filler metals are grouped according to their A-numbers to:

AMinimize the number of performance qualifications.

BMinimize the number of welding procedure qualifications.

CDefine the welding characteristics.

DDesignate similar chemical compositions.

Answer : D

Question 297

A1%-10%

B5%-20%

C8%-18%

D15%-20%

Answer : C

Question 298

API Recommended Practice 577 provides:

AA definition of welds that should be inspected in refinery and chemical plant equipment.

BA definition of specific techniques and practices that should be used for welding inspection.

CGuidance on the extent and scope of inspection required for specific types of welds.

DGuidance on welding inspection during the fabrication and repairing of refinery equipment and piping.

Answer : D

Question 299

What is the purpose of a PQR?

ATo provide direction to the welder making production welds.

BTo establish the properties of the weldment.

CTo document that a welder has correctly followed a WPS.

DTo establish a welder's capability to make a quality weld.

Answer : B

Question 300

Stud arc welding is a specialized process predominantly limited to welding:

ANon-load-bearing welds.

BInsulation and refractory pins.

CFlat position welds.

DNon-pressure-containing welds.

Answer : B

Question 301

According to the PQR 8025, does the thickness range qualified concur with the thickness range as stated on the WPS 802?

AYes, but only for thicknesses greater than .280'

BNo, the material thickness on the PQR should be .375'

CYes, the PQR qualifies the ranges as stated on the WPS

DNo, the PQR thickness should have been .560'

Answer : C

Question 302

A ''mill certificate" is a/an:

AAnalysis of the chemical elements in an ingot.

BChemical analysis of a base metal to be welded.

CList of the chemical and mechanical properties specified by a purchaser.

DProduct analysis of mechanical properties of a base metal.

Answer : C

Question 303

Base metals are assigned P-numbers by the ASME Code, Section IX to reduce the number of:

ARequired welding procedure specifications.

BRequired welding procedure qualifications.

CRequired procedure and performance qualifications.

DRequired mechanical tests.

Answer : C

Question 304

What is the minimum liquid level that should be maintained above the area that is to be hot tapped on a storage tank or vessel?

A1 ft. (300 mm)

B2 ft. (600 mm)

C3 ft. (900 mm)

D4 ft. (1200 mm)

Answer : B

Question 305

Remote examination of welds may use aids such as telescopes, borescopes, fiberscopes, cameras, or other suitable instruments provided they have:

AGood perception and the inspection would be approximately equal to a direct visual exam.

BSensitivity to find possible defects that a direct visual exam would produce.

CA resolution at least equivalent to that which is attained by direct visual examination.

DA greater acuity than the eye and the inspection would be better than a direct visual.

Answer : C

Question 306

Which of the following is the test that can measure most aspects of weldability?

AImpact testing

BThere is no single test

CWeld tension tests

DBend testing

Answer : B

Question 307

A welding engineer or inspector should be notified when a weld has failed a weld quality test more than how many times in order to help determine the cause of the test failure?

AONCE

BTWICE

CTHREE TIMES

DFOUR TIMES

Answer : B

Question 308

For SMAW welding, the last number of the electrode identification identifies:

AChemical composition.

BElectrode operating characteristics.

CWelding position.

DCoating operating characteristics.

Answer : D

Question 309

According to the PQR 8025, does the thickness range qualified concur with the thickness range as stated on the WPS 802?

AYes, but only for thicknesses greater than .280'

BNo, the material thickness on the PQR should be .375'

CYes, the PQR qualifies the ranges as stated on the WPS

DNo, the PQR thickness should have been .560'

Answer : C

Question 310

Refer to the following diagram:

Item#1 represents:

Aroot opening.

Broot weld size.

Cgroove weld size.

Droot face.

Answer : A

Question 311

For GMAW welding, the last number of the electrode identifies the:

AChemical composition.

BStrength of the electrode.

CCoating characteristics.

DOperating characteristics.

Answer : D

Question 312

When performing a carbon steel to carbon steel hot tap where the CE of one of the metals is greater than 0.42%, which of the following electrodes should be used?

AE7048-H4

BE7048

CE7018-A1

DE7018

Answer : D

Question 313

Filler metals are grouped according to their A-numbers to:

AMinimize the number of performance qualifications.

BMinimize the number of welding procedure qualifications.

CDefine the welding characteristics.

DDesignate similar chemical compositions.

Answer : D

Question 314

Which of the following is a commonly accepted limitation of flux core arc welding (FCAW)?

AIt is more sensitive to drafts and wind than GMAW.

BIt has lower deposition rates than SMAW.

CShielding must always be provided by an externally supplied gas.

DLarge volumes of welding fumes are generated.

Answer : D

Question 315

General awareness of metallurgy is important to the welding inspector because:

AWelding processes can affect both mechanical and corrosion properties of a weldment.

BThe crystalline structure of base metals affects the resulting structure of the weld.

CPhysical properties of the final weldment can be significantly affected by preheat and postweld heat treatment (PWHT).

DA thorough knowledge of weld metal structures is necessary to understand weldability.

Answer : A

Question 316

At any time during the welding inspection, if defects are identified:

AThey should be corrected before welding proceeds further.

BThe inspector should seek engineering input on whether the defect is actually acceptable.

CThe inspector should determine whether the weld may be acceptable for the intended service.

DThe inspector should examine all welds produced by the same welder.

Answer : A

Question 317

What is(are) the most appropriate action(s) to prepare an in-service carbon steel piping system that has been in caustic service for welding?

ANeutralize and clean the surface within 6 in. (150 mm) of weld bevels

BSteam out the piping system and dry

CVerify with pH paper that any surface liquid is ''basic'

DGrind the surfaces near the bevel to remove contaminants

Answer : A

Question 318

A welding engineer or inspector should be notified when a weld has failed a weld quality test more than how many times in order to help determine the cause of the test failure?

AONCE

BTWICE

CTHREE TIMES

DFOUR TIMES

Answer : B

Question 319

Mechanical tests are required to qualify a welding procedure to document that the properties of the weldment meet which of the following?

AThe expected load for which the weld will be subject.

BThe minimum established acceptance criteria.

CThe requirements as established in ASME Section XI.

DThe same criteria required for welder qualification.

Answer : B

Question 320

For carbon steels, the HAZ includes those regions heated to a temperature greater than:

A1050F (556C)

B1150F (621C)

C1250F (677C)

D1350F (730C)

Answer : B

Question 321

Which welding process produces a fast-freezing weld pool and is generally suited for joining thin sections or root passes?

AGMAW-S

BGTAW

CGMAW

DFCAW

Answer : B

Question 322

Base metals are assigned P-numbers by the ASME Code, Section IX to reduce the number of:

ARequired welding procedure specifications.

BRequired welding procedure qualifications.

CRequired procedure and performance qualifications.

DRequired mechanical tests.

Answer : C

Question 323

Which welding process has been associated most with lack of fusion with shop-fabricated piping?

AGMAW-S

BGMAW-SF

CFCAW

DFCAW-SW

Answer : A

Question 324

Which of the following is a hazard associated with in-service welding on a carbon steel pipe containing chlorine?

AExplosion or unstable reaction with the addition of localized heat.

BExothermic decomposition or explosion.

CCarbon steel will burn in the presence of chlorine and high heat.

DHydrogen released during welding process can initiate hydrogen-assisted cracking.

Answer : A

Question 325

What is the most appropriate action when an inspector finds improperly marked filler materials?

AAccept them if nonessential variable.

BReject them.

CRe-qualify the WPS.

DAccept them if the markings are corrected.

Answer : B

Question 326

Items to be included in the PQR for the SMAW process are:

AWelding process used and AWS classification numbers.

BWelding process used and P-numbers of coupon welded.

CP-numbers of coupon welded and AWS classification numbers.

DElectrode-flux class and electrical characteristics.

Answer : B

Question 327

The carbon equivalent formula indicates:

AWhether postweld heat treatment (PWHT) will be needed.

BWhether preheat will be needed.

CThe theoretical carbon content of a steel.

DThe weldability of a steel, based on carbon content.

Answer : D

Question 328

A1%-10%

B5%-20%

C8%-18%

D15%-20%

Answer : C

Question 329

If a test specimen from a welded coupon should fail during PQR mechanical tests:

AThree out of four of the required test specimens must pass.

BThe test coupon fails and a new coupon is required.

CTwo additional test specimens from the coupon must be tested and pass.

DThe WPS fails.

Answer : B

Question 330

API Recommended Practice 2201 primarily covers the:

AWPS/PQR aspects of in-service welding.

BTechnical aspects of hot tapping.

CSafety aspects of in-service welding.

DWeldability aspects of in-service welding.

Answer : C

Question 331

The direction of magnetic flux can be confirmed by the use of a:

APie gauge.

BMagnetic-field-sensitive crayon.

CFlux line sensitizer.

DCalibration gauge.

Answer : A

Question 332

Which of the following is a commonly accepted limitation of flux core arc welding (FCAW)?

AIt is more sensitive to drafts and wind than GMAW.

BIt has lower deposition rates than SMAW.

CShielding must always be provided by an externally supplied gas.

DLarge volumes of welding fumes are generated.

Answer : D

Question 333

What does an AWS classification number identify?

AElectrode diameter and strength

BElectrodes and welding rods

CChemical composition of the deposited weld metal

DBase metal and group number

Answer : B

Question 334

Remote examination of welds may use aids such as telescopes, borescopes, fiberscopes, cameras, or other suitable instruments provided they have:

AGood perception and the inspection would be approximately equal to a direct visual exam.

BSensitivity to find possible defects that a direct visual exam would produce.

CA resolution at least equivalent to that which is attained by direct visual examination.

DA greater acuity than the eye and the inspection would be better than a direct visual.

Answer : C

Question 335

API Recommended Practice 577 provides:

AA definition of welds that should be inspected in refinery and chemical plant equipment.

BA definition of specific techniques and practices that should be used for welding inspection.

CGuidance on the extent and scope of inspection required for specific types of welds.

DGuidance on welding inspection during the fabrication and repairing of refinery equipment and piping.

Answer : D

Question 336

One of the main differences between welding nickel alloys and austenitic stainless steels is that with nickel alloys:

AInterpass temperature control is not needed.

BThere is less susceptibility to cracking from contaminants.

CThere is less susceptibility to lack of fusion.

DThe weld pool tends to be sluggish.

Answer : D

Question 337

Which welding process produces a fast-freezing weld pool and is generally suited for joining thin sections or root passes?

AGMAW-S

BGTAW

CGMAW

DFCAW

Answer : B

Question 338

For SMAW welding, the last number of the electrode identification identifies:

AChemical composition.

BElectrode operating characteristics.

CWelding position.

DCoating operating characteristics.

Answer : D

Question 339

Which of the following can result from residual magnetism left in a partially completed weld?

AExcessive distortion

BTendency of weld pool to be sluggish

CDeflection of the weld arc

DSolidification cracking

Answer : C

Question 340

What GMAW welding process uses carbon dioxide as the shielding gas, and is limited to the flat and horizontal position?

ASpray transfer

BPulsed transfer

CGlobular transfer

DShort circuiting transfer

Answer : C

Question 341

If a nonessential variable is changed on a WPS, which of the following actions must occur?

AThe welding inspector can simply make the change on the WPS and initial as proof of acceptance.

BIt may be changed on the WPS without requalifying the welding procedure.

CThe welding procedure will need to be requalified by performing mechanical testing.

DImpact testing must be performed at the discretion of the welding engineer.

Answer : B

Question 342

Which of the following has the lowest range of welding currents and electrode diameters associated with the GMAW process?

AShort circuiting transfer

BPulsed droplet transfer

CGlobular transfer

DSpray transfer

Answer : A

Question 343

Which of the following statements is true?

APQRs qualified on P8 materials also qualify for P1 materials.

BWelding procedures must be supported by more than one PQR.

CAll PQRs must be qualified with impact testing.

DOne PQR may support several WPSs.

Answer : D

Question 344

When performing a carbon steel to carbon steel hot tap where the CE of one of the metals is greater than 0.42%, which of the following electrodes should be used?

AE7048-H4

BE7048

CE7018-A1

DE7018

Answer : D

Question 345

Base metals are assigned P-numbers by the ASME Code, Section IX to reduce the number of:

ARequired welding procedure specifications.

BRequired welding procedure qualifications.

CRequired procedure and performance qualifications.

DRequired mechanical tests.

Answer : C

Question 346

Which of the following is an important aspect of a qualified WPS?

AWelder qualification

BMaintaining project schedule

CWelding program effectiveness

DFabrication quality control

Answer : D

Question 347

When verifying that the filler metal selection is appropriate for the base metal being welded, an inspector should consider:

AChemical composition.

BTensile strength to be higher than the base metal.

CAcceptability of physical properties.

DNeed for postweld heat treatment (PWHT).

Answer : A

Question 348

Exposed film that allows 1% of the incident light to pass through has a film density of:

A1.0

B2.0

C3.0

D4.0

Answer : C

Question 349

To reduce exposure to moisture of low-hydrogen electrodes after they have been removed from the manufacturer's packaging, they should be stored:

AUnder low humidity conditions.

BIn warm holding ovens.

CIn sealed plastic containers.

DIn tightly sealed ovens.

Answer : B

Question 350

A ''mill certificate" is a/an:

AAnalysis of the chemical elements in an ingot.

BChemical analysis of a base metal to be welded.

CList of the chemical and mechanical properties specified by a purchaser.

DProduct analysis of mechanical properties of a base metal.

Answer : C

Question 351

Which of the following is the test that can measure most aspects of weldability?

AImpact testing

BThere is no single test

CWeld tension tests

DBend testing

Answer : B

Question 352

Stud arc welding is a specialized process predominantly limited to welding:

ANon-load-bearing welds.

BInsulation and refractory pins.

CFlat position welds.

DNon-pressure-containing welds.

Answer : B

Question 353

Which of the following statements is true?

APQRs qualified on P8 materials also qualify for P1 materials.

BWelding procedures must be supported by more than one PQR.

CAll PQRs must be qualified with impact testing.

DOne PQR may support several WPSs.

Answer : D

Question 354

What is the maximum temperature at which ACFM may be used?

A300F (150C)

B500F (260C)

C900F (480C)

D1000F (540C)

Answer : B

Question 355

What is a discontinuity?

AAn interruption in the normal physical structure of a material.

BAn imperfection which is detectable with NDE.

CThe response or evidence from the application of NDE.

DA departure of a quality characteristic from its intended condition.

Answer : A

Question 356

API Recommended Practice 2201 primarily covers the:

AWPS/PQR aspects of in-service welding.

BTechnical aspects of hot tapping.

CSafety aspects of in-service welding.

DWeldability aspects of in-service welding.

Answer : C

Question 357

A welding engineer or inspector should be notified when a weld has failed a weld quality test more than how many times in order to help determine the cause of the test failure?

AONCE

BTWICE

CTHREE TIMES

DFOUR TIMES

Answer : B

Question 358

For hot tap and in-service welding, above what carbon equivalent limit is it recommended to use extra low hydrogen electrodes to weld carbon steels?

A0.30%

B0.35%

C0.42%

D0.48%

Answer : C

Question 359

As a result of welding, metals with a high coefficient of thermal expansion are:

AMore susceptible to distortion during welding.

BLess susceptible to cracking during welding.

CMore susceptible to brittle fracture.

DLess susceptible to brittle fracture.

Answer : A

Question 360

What is the major cause of lack of fusion in all welding processes involving carbon steel?

AInadequate preheat

BImproper welding speed

CImproper heat input and improper welding technique

DNot using a low hydrogen electrode or improper shielding

Answer : C

Question 361

When performing a carbon steel to carbon steel hot tap where the CE of one of the metals is greater than 0.42%, which of the following electrodes should be used?

AE7048-H4

BE7048

CE7018-A1

DE7018

Answer : D

Question 362

API Recommended Practice 577 provides:

AA definition of welds that should be inspected in refinery and chemical plant equipment.

BA definition of specific techniques and practices that should be used for welding inspection.

CGuidance on the extent and scope of inspection required for specific types of welds.

DGuidance on welding inspection during the fabrication and repairing of refinery equipment and piping.

Answer : D

Question 363

Base metals are assigned P-numbers by the ASME Code, Section IX to reduce the number of:

ARequired welding procedure specifications.

BRequired welding procedure qualifications.

CRequired procedure and performance qualifications.

DRequired mechanical tests.

Answer : C

Question 364

Filler metals are grouped according to their A-numbers to:

AMinimize the number of performance qualifications.

BMinimize the number of welding procedure qualifications.

CDefine the welding characteristics.

DDesignate similar chemical compositions.

Answer : D

Question 365

ACFM is an NDE technique ideal for inspecting:

ANozzles, ring-grooves, and grind-out areas.

BLap joint welds and uphill welding.

CButt welds (single and double bevel) and plug welds.

DFillet welds, J-welds, and seal welds.

Answer : A

Question 366

A welding engineer or inspector should be notified when a weld has failed a weld quality test more than how many times in order to help determine the cause of the test failure?

AONCE

BTWICE

CTHREE TIMES

DFOUR TIMES

Answer : B

Question 367

The WPS gives the welder specific guidelines to:

ASet the machine amperage, voltage, and travel speed.

BConfirm the project heat input is followed during welding.

CSuccessfully complete production welds.

DMake imperfection/defect-free welds.

Answer : A

Question 368

Which of the following is the test that can measure most aspects of weldability?

AImpact testing

BThere is no single test

CWeld tension tests

DBend testing

Answer : B

Question 369

According to the PQR 8025, does the thickness range qualified concur with the thickness range as stated on the WPS 802?

AYes, but only for thicknesses greater than .280'

BNo, the material thickness on the PQR should be .375'

CYes, the PQR qualifies the ranges as stated on the WPS

DNo, the PQR thickness should have been .560'

Answer : C

Question 370

Which of the following has the lowest range of welding currents and electrode diameters associated with the GMAW process?

AShort circuiting transfer

BPulsed droplet transfer

CGlobular transfer

DSpray transfer

Answer : A

Question 371

When verifying that the filler metal selection is appropriate for the base metal being welded, an inspector should consider:

AChemical composition.

BTensile strength to be higher than the base metal.

CAcceptability of physical properties.

DNeed for postweld heat treatment (PWHT).

Answer : A

Question 372

When welding using the shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) process, which of the following best describes the appearance of excessive penetration on a radiograph?

AA lighter density in the center of the width of the weld image, either extended along the weld or in isolated circular drops.

BAn irregular darker density near the center of the width of the weld image along the edge of the root pass image.

CAn abrupt density change across the width of the weld image with a straight longitudinal darker density line at the center of the width of the weld image along the edge of the density change.

DA localized darker density with fuzzy edges in the center of the width of the weld image.

Answer : B

Question 373

What is the major cause of lack of fusion in all welding processes involving carbon steel?

AInadequate preheat

BImproper welding speed

CImproper heat input and improper welding technique

DNot using a low hydrogen electrode or improper shielding

Answer : C

Question 374

P-numbers are based on which of the following?

AComparable base metal characteristics

BWeldability characteristics of base metal

CElectrode characteristics

DChemical composition of the base metal

Answer : B

Question 375

What is the most capable NDE method for finding a discontinuity such as incomplete fusion in a joint?

AMT

BUT

CET

DRT

Answer : B

Question 376

What term is used to describe the mechanical working of metals using impact blows?

AHammering

BMechanical stress relieving

CNeedle gunning

DPeening

Answer : D

Question 377

A crack with its major axis oriented approximately perpendicular to the weld axis is called a:

ALamellar crack.

BNon-directional crack.

CTransverse crack.

DPerpendicular crack.

Answer : C

Question 378

API Recommended Practice 2201 primarily covers the:

AWPS/PQR aspects of in-service welding.

BTechnical aspects of hot tapping.

CSafety aspects of in-service welding.

DWeldability aspects of in-service welding.

Answer : C

Question 379

Refer to the following diagram:

Item#1 represents:

Aroot opening.

Broot weld size.

Cgroove weld size.

Droot face.

Answer : A

Question 380

When performing a carbon steel to carbon steel hot tap where the CE of one of the metals is greater than 0.42%, which of the following electrodes should be used?

AE7048-H4

BE7048

CE7018-A1

DE7018

Answer : D

Question 381

A ''mill certificate" is a/an:

AAnalysis of the chemical elements in an ingot.

BChemical analysis of a base metal to be welded.

CList of the chemical and mechanical properties specified by a purchaser.

DProduct analysis of mechanical properties of a base metal.

Answer : C

Question 382

Which of the following has the lowest range of welding currents and electrode diameters associated with the GMAW process?

AShort circuiting transfer

BPulsed droplet transfer

CGlobular transfer

DSpray transfer

Answer : A

Question 383

At any time during the welding inspection, if defects are identified:

AThey should be corrected before welding proceeds further.

BThe inspector should seek engineering input on whether the defect is actually acceptable.

CThe inspector should determine whether the weld may be acceptable for the intended service.

DThe inspector should examine all welds produced by the same welder.

Answer : A

Question 384

Items to be included in the PQR for the SMAW process are:

AWelding process used and AWS classification numbers.

BWelding process used and P-numbers of coupon welded.

CP-numbers of coupon welded and AWS classification numbers.

DElectrode-flux class and electrical characteristics.

Answer : B

Question 385

According to the PQR 8025, does the thickness range qualified concur with the thickness range as stated on the WPS 802?

AYes, but only for thicknesses greater than .280'

BNo, the material thickness on the PQR should be .375'

CYes, the PQR qualifies the ranges as stated on the WPS

DNo, the PQR thickness should have been .560'

Answer : C

Question 386

What is a discontinuity?

AAn interruption in the normal physical structure of a material.

BAn imperfection which is detectable with NDE.

CThe response or evidence from the application of NDE.

DA departure of a quality characteristic from its intended condition.

Answer : A

Question 387

What is the "area of interest" on a weld radiograph?

AThe entire radiograph minus 2 in. (50.8 mm) from the edges

BOnly the area of contrasting density

CThe specific portion of a radiograph that needs to be evaluated

DThe portion that is less than 3t from the center of the radiograph, where t is the thickness of the weld

Answer : C

Question 388

Remote examination of welds may use aids such as telescopes, borescopes, fiberscopes, cameras, or other suitable instruments provided they have:

AGood perception and the inspection would be approximately equal to a direct visual exam.

BSensitivity to find possible defects that a direct visual exam would produce.

CA resolution at least equivalent to that which is attained by direct visual examination.

DA greater acuity than the eye and the inspection would be better than a direct visual.

Answer : C

Question 389

For what maximum outside diameter may a radiographic technique be used in which the radiation passes through two walls and the weld in both walls is viewed for acceptance?

A1.5 in. (38.0 mm)

B2.5 in. (63.5 mm)

C3 in. (76.2 mm)

D3.5 in. (90.0 mm)

Answer : C

Question 390

What increases when a welder increases the amperage?

AVoltage

BArc length

CHeat

DTravel speed

Answer : C

Question 391

What is the liquid flow rate range that should be maintained in piping to be hot tapped?

A0.05 - 2.7 ft./sec (0.015 - 0.82 m/sec)

B1.3 - 4.0 ft./sec (0.40 - 1.20 m/sec)

C2.3 - 3.3 ft./sec (0.70 - 1.00 m/sec)

D4.1 - 5.5 ft./sec (1.25 - 1.68 m/sec)

Answer : B

Question 392

For carbon steels, the HAZ includes those regions heated to a temperature greater than:

A1050F (556C)

B1150F (621C)

C1250F (677C)

D1350F (730C)

Answer : B

Question 393

Refer to the following diagram:

Item#1 represents:

Aroot opening.

Broot weld size.

Cgroove weld size.

Droot face.

Answer : A

Question 394

What is the major cause of lack of fusion in all welding processes involving carbon steel?

AInadequate preheat

BImproper welding speed

CImproper heat input and improper welding technique

DNot using a low hydrogen electrode or improper shielding

Answer : C

Question 395

If a nonessential variable is changed on a WPS, which of the following actions must occur?

AThe welding inspector can simply make the change on the WPS and initial as proof of acceptance.

BIt may be changed on the WPS without requalifying the welding procedure.

CThe welding procedure will need to be requalified by performing mechanical testing.

DImpact testing must be performed at the discretion of the welding engineer.

Answer : B

Question 396

Which welding process has been associated most with lack of fusion with shop-fabricated piping?

AGMAW-S

BGMAW-SF

CFCAW

DFCAW-SW

Answer : A

Question 397

The direction of magnetic flux can be confirmed by the use of a:

APie gauge.

BMagnetic-field-sensitive crayon.

CFlux line sensitizer.

DCalibration gauge.

Answer : A

Question 398

When welding nickel alloys, it is important that:

AThe bevel angle be wide enough to allow oscillation of welding torch.

BThe cooling rate be controlled in order to prevent rapid cooling.

CPreheating is always performed to prevent hot cracking.

DA wide face and thinner bevel be used.

Answer : B

Question 399

What does an AWS classification number identify?

AElectrode diameter and strength

BElectrodes and welding rods

CChemical composition of the deposited weld metal

DBase metal and group number

Answer : B

Question 400

Remote examination of welds may use aids such as telescopes, borescopes, fiberscopes, cameras, or other suitable instruments provided they have:

AGood perception and the inspection would be approximately equal to a direct visual exam.

BSensitivity to find possible defects that a direct visual exam would produce.

CA resolution at least equivalent to that which is attained by direct visual examination.

DA greater acuity than the eye and the inspection would be better than a direct visual.

Answer : C

Question 401

What is the maximum temperature at which ACFM may be used?

A300F (150C)

B500F (260C)

C900F (480C)

D1000F (540C)

Answer : B

Question 402

If a test specimen from a welded coupon should fail during PQR mechanical tests:

AThree out of four of the required test specimens must pass.

BThe test coupon fails and a new coupon is required.

CTwo additional test specimens from the coupon must be tested and pass.

DThe WPS fails.

Answer : B

Question 403

For GMAW welding, the last number of the electrode identifies the:

AChemical composition.

BStrength of the electrode.

CCoating characteristics.

DOperating characteristics.

Answer : D

Question 404

For hot tap and in-service welding, above what carbon equivalent limit is it recommended to use extra low hydrogen electrodes to weld carbon steels?

A0.30%

B0.35%

C0.42%

D0.48%

Answer : C

Question 405

A limitation of a stud arc welding (SW) process is:

AWelding rates are significantly lower than those obtained with SMAW.

BProcess is primarily suitable for only carbon steel and low alloy steels.

CProcess is limited to a flat position.

DWeld is not visible during the welding process.

Answer : C

Question 406

Hot tapping and in-service welding should be carried out only with:

ASteels that have a carbon equivalent below 0.30.

BCellulosic-type electrodes to reduce penetration.

CLow-hydrogen consumables and electrodes.

DLow-hydrogen root pass and cellulosic weld out.

Answer : C

Question 407

What does an AWS classification number identify?

AElectrode diameter and strength

BElectrodes and welding rods

CChemical composition of the deposited weld metal

DBase metal and group number

Answer : B

Question 408

What is the liquid flow rate range that should be maintained in piping to be hot tapped?

A0.05 - 2.7 ft./sec (0.015 - 0.82 m/sec)

B1.3 - 4.0 ft./sec (0.40 - 1.20 m/sec)

C2.3 - 3.3 ft./sec (0.70 - 1.00 m/sec)

D4.1 - 5.5 ft./sec (1.25 - 1.68 m/sec)

Answer : B

Question 409

When verifying that the filler metal selection is appropriate for the base metal being welded, an inspector should consider:

AChemical composition.

BTensile strength to be higher than the base metal.

CAcceptability of physical properties.

DNeed for postweld heat treatment (PWHT).

Answer : A

Question 410

For what maximum outside diameter may a radiographic technique be used in which the radiation passes through two walls and the weld in both walls is viewed for acceptance?

A1.5 in. (38.0 mm)

B2.5 in. (63.5 mm)

C3 in. (76.2 mm)

D3.5 in. (90.0 mm)

Answer : C

Question 411

For SMAW welding, the last number of the electrode identification identifies:

AChemical composition.

BElectrode operating characteristics.

CWelding position.

DCoating operating characteristics.

Answer : D

Question 412

If a nonessential variable is changed on a WPS, which of the following actions must occur?

AThe welding inspector can simply make the change on the WPS and initial as proof of acceptance.

BIt may be changed on the WPS without requalifying the welding procedure.

CThe welding procedure will need to be requalified by performing mechanical testing.

DImpact testing must be performed at the discretion of the welding engineer.

Answer : B

Question 413

What is the purpose of a PQR?

ATo provide direction to the welder making production welds.

BTo establish the properties of the weldment.

CTo document that a welder has correctly followed a WPS.

DTo establish a welder's capability to make a quality weld.

Answer : B

Question 414

Which of the following is a commonly accepted limitation of flux core arc welding (FCAW)?

AIt is more sensitive to drafts and wind than GMAW.

BIt has lower deposition rates than SMAW.

CShielding must always be provided by an externally supplied gas.

DLarge volumes of welding fumes are generated.

Answer : D

Question 415

What is the maximum temperature at which ACFM may be used?

A300F (150C)

B500F (260C)

C900F (480C)

D1000F (540C)

Answer : B

Question 416

The simplest weldability tests are those that evaluate:

APorosity and slag inclusions of the weld.

BCracking and corrosion resistance of the weld.

CStrength and ductility of the weld.

DDuctility and hardness of the weld.

Answer : C

Question 417

For hot tap and in-service welding, above what carbon equivalent limit is it recommended to use extra low hydrogen electrodes to weld carbon steels?

A0.30%

B0.35%

C0.42%

D0.48%

Answer : C

Question 418

A root opening of a groove weld is:

AThe surface of a joint member included in the groove.

BA separation at the joint root between the work pieces.

CThe beveled surface of the joint members.

DThat portion of the groove face adjacent to the joint root.

Answer : B

Question 419

A welding engineer or inspector should be notified when a weld has failed a weld quality test more than how many times in order to help determine the cause of the test failure?

AONCE

BTWICE

CTHREE TIMES

DFOUR TIMES

Answer : B

Question 420

What is the "area of interest" on a weld radiograph?

AThe entire radiograph minus 2 in. (50.8 mm) from the edges

BOnly the area of contrasting density

CThe specific portion of a radiograph that needs to be evaluated

DThe portion that is less than 3t from the center of the radiograph, where t is the thickness of the weld

Answer : C

Question 421

What is the major cause of lack of fusion in all welding processes involving carbon steel?

AInadequate preheat

BImproper welding speed

CImproper heat input and improper welding technique

DNot using a low hydrogen electrode or improper shielding

Answer : C

Question 422

P-numbers are based on which of the following?

AComparable base metal characteristics

BWeldability characteristics of base metal

CElectrode characteristics

DChemical composition of the base metal

Answer : B

Question 423

Hardenability of a steel can be an indirect indicator of:

AWeldability

BToughness

CStrength

DCooling rate

Answer : A

Question 424

What does an AWS classification number identify?

AElectrode diameter and strength

BElectrodes and welding rods

CChemical composition of the deposited weld metal

DBase metal and group number

Answer : B

Question 425

Base metals are assigned P-numbers by the ASME Code, Section IX to reduce the number of:

ARequired welding procedure specifications.

BRequired welding procedure qualifications.

CRequired procedure and performance qualifications.

DRequired mechanical tests.

Answer : C

Question 426

What is the liquid flow rate range that should be maintained in piping to be hot tapped?

A0.05 - 2.7 ft./sec (0.015 - 0.82 m/sec)

B1.3 - 4.0 ft./sec (0.40 - 1.20 m/sec)

C2.3 - 3.3 ft./sec (0.70 - 1.00 m/sec)

D4.1 - 5.5 ft./sec (1.25 - 1.68 m/sec)

Answer : B

Question 427

A ''mill certificate" is a/an:

AAnalysis of the chemical elements in an ingot.

BChemical analysis of a base metal to be welded.

CList of the chemical and mechanical properties specified by a purchaser.

DProduct analysis of mechanical properties of a base metal.

Answer : C

Question 428

What is a discontinuity?

AAn interruption in the normal physical structure of a material.

BAn imperfection which is detectable with NDE.

CThe response or evidence from the application of NDE.

DA departure of a quality characteristic from its intended condition.

Answer : A

Question 429

When welding nickel alloys, it is important that:

AThe bevel angle be wide enough to allow oscillation of welding torch.

BThe cooling rate be controlled in order to prevent rapid cooling.

CPreheating is always performed to prevent hot cracking.

DA wide face and thinner bevel be used.

Answer : B

Question 430

What is the minimum liquid level that should be maintained above the area that is to be hot tapped on a storage tank or vessel?

A1 ft. (300 mm)

B2 ft. (600 mm)

C3 ft. (900 mm)

D4 ft. (1200 mm)

Answer : B

Question 431

Hot tapping and in-service welding should be carried out only with:

ASteels that have a carbon equivalent below 0.30.

BCellulosic-type electrodes to reduce penetration.

CLow-hydrogen consumables and electrodes.

DLow-hydrogen root pass and cellulosic weld out.

Answer : C

Question 432

As a result of welding, metals with a high coefficient of thermal expansion are:

AMore susceptible to distortion during welding.

BLess susceptible to cracking during welding.

CMore susceptible to brittle fracture.

DLess susceptible to brittle fracture.

Answer : A

Question 433

The simplest weldability tests are those that evaluate:

APorosity and slag inclusions of the weld.

BCracking and corrosion resistance of the weld.

CStrength and ductility of the weld.

DDuctility and hardness of the weld.

Answer : C

Question 434

At any time during the welding inspection, if defects are identified:

AThey should be corrected before welding proceeds further.

BThe inspector should seek engineering input on whether the defect is actually acceptable.

CThe inspector should determine whether the weld may be acceptable for the intended service.

DThe inspector should examine all welds produced by the same welder.

Answer : A

Question 435

ACFM is an NDE technique ideal for inspecting:

ANozzles, ring-grooves, and grind-out areas.

BLap joint welds and uphill welding.

CButt welds (single and double bevel) and plug welds.

DFillet welds, J-welds, and seal welds.

Answer : A

Question 436

API Recommended Practice 2201 primarily covers the:

AWPS/PQR aspects of in-service welding.

BTechnical aspects of hot tapping.

CSafety aspects of in-service welding.

DWeldability aspects of in-service welding.

Answer : C

Question 437

The WPS gives the welder specific guidelines to:

ASet the machine amperage, voltage, and travel speed.

BConfirm the project heat input is followed during welding.

CSuccessfully complete production welds.

DMake imperfection/defect-free welds.

Answer : A

Question 438

Hardenability of a steel can be an indirect indicator of:

AWeldability

BToughness

CStrength

DCooling rate

Answer : A

Question 439

One of the main differences between welding nickel alloys and austenitic stainless steels is that with nickel alloys:

AInterpass temperature control is not needed.

BThere is less susceptibility to cracking from contaminants.

CThere is less susceptibility to lack of fusion.

DThe weld pool tends to be sluggish.

Answer : D

Question 440

What GMAW welding process uses carbon dioxide as the shielding gas, and is limited to the flat and horizontal position?

ASpray transfer

BPulsed transfer

CGlobular transfer

DShort circuiting transfer

Answer : C

Question 441

Which of the following is a practical solution to eliminate or reduce porosity when welding carbon steel?

AReduce travel speed

BProper shielding

CLower heat input

DArc length control

Answer : B

Question 442

Exposed film that allows 1% of the incident light to pass through has a film density of:

A1.0

B2.0

C3.0

D4.0

Answer : C

Question 443

A ''mill certificate" is a/an:

AAnalysis of the chemical elements in an ingot.

BChemical analysis of a base metal to be welded.

CList of the chemical and mechanical properties specified by a purchaser.

DProduct analysis of mechanical properties of a base metal.

Answer : C

Question 444

Which of the following is a commonly accepted limitation of flux core arc welding (FCAW)?

AIt is more sensitive to drafts and wind than GMAW.

BIt has lower deposition rates than SMAW.

CShielding must always be provided by an externally supplied gas.

DLarge volumes of welding fumes are generated.

Answer : D

Question 445

What is the major cause of lack of fusion in all welding processes involving carbon steel?

AInadequate preheat

BImproper welding speed

CImproper heat input and improper welding technique

DNot using a low hydrogen electrode or improper shielding

Answer : C

Question 446

Base metals are assigned P-numbers by the ASME Code, Section IX to reduce the number of:

ARequired welding procedure specifications.

BRequired welding procedure qualifications.

CRequired procedure and performance qualifications.

DRequired mechanical tests.

Answer : C

Question 447

P-numbers are based on which of the following?

AComparable base metal characteristics

BWeldability characteristics of base metal

CElectrode characteristics

DChemical composition of the base metal

Answer : B

Question 448

For carbon steels, the HAZ includes those regions heated to a temperature greater than:

A1050F (556C)

B1150F (621C)

C1250F (677C)

D1350F (730C)

Answer : B

Question 449

What does an AWS classification number identify?

AElectrode diameter and strength

BElectrodes and welding rods

CChemical composition of the deposited weld metal

DBase metal and group number

Answer : B

Question 450

At any time during the welding inspection, if defects are identified:

AThey should be corrected before welding proceeds further.

BThe inspector should seek engineering input on whether the defect is actually acceptable.

CThe inspector should determine whether the weld may be acceptable for the intended service.

DThe inspector should examine all welds produced by the same welder.

Answer : A

Question 451

Which welding process produces a fast-freezing weld pool and is generally suited for joining thin sections or root passes?

AGMAW-S

BGTAW

CGMAW

DFCAW

Answer : B

Question 452

The simplest weldability tests are those that evaluate:

APorosity and slag inclusions of the weld.

BCracking and corrosion resistance of the weld.

CStrength and ductility of the weld.

DDuctility and hardness of the weld.

Answer : C

Question 453

Crater cracks typically occur:

AIn weld metal at the point where the arc terminates.

BIn the HAZ at the point where the arc initiates.

CIn weld metal at the point where the arc initiates.

DIn the HAZ at the point where the arc terminates.

Answer : A

Question 454

In hardness testing of carbon steel weldment specimens, there is an approximate relationship between hardness and:

AToughness

BTensile strength

CDuctility

DYield strength

Answer : B

Question 455

For GMAW welding, the last number of the electrode identifies the:

AChemical composition.

BStrength of the electrode.

CCoating characteristics.

DOperating characteristics.

Answer : D

Question 456

What is the purpose of a PQR?

ATo provide direction to the welder making production welds.

BTo establish the properties of the weldment.

CTo document that a welder has correctly followed a WPS.

DTo establish a welder's capability to make a quality weld.

Answer : B

Question 457

What is the liquid flow rate range that should be maintained in piping to be hot tapped?

A0.05 - 2.7 ft./sec (0.015 - 0.82 m/sec)

B1.3 - 4.0 ft./sec (0.40 - 1.20 m/sec)

C2.3 - 3.3 ft./sec (0.70 - 1.00 m/sec)

D4.1 - 5.5 ft./sec (1.25 - 1.68 m/sec)

Answer : B

Question 458

What increases when a welder increases the amperage?

AVoltage

BArc length

CHeat

DTravel speed

Answer : C

Question 459

The direction of magnetic flux can be confirmed by the use of a:

APie gauge.

BMagnetic-field-sensitive crayon.

CFlux line sensitizer.

DCalibration gauge.

Answer : A

Question 460

A1%-10%

B5%-20%

C8%-18%

D15%-20%

Answer : C

Question 461

Refer to the following diagram:

Item#4 represents:

Abevel face.

Bbevel angle.

Cgroove angle.

Dgroove face.

Answer : B

Question 462

Which of the following has the lowest range of welding currents and electrode diameters associated with the GMAW process?

AShort circuiting transfer

BPulsed droplet transfer

CGlobular transfer

DSpray transfer

Answer : A

Question 463

A crack with its major axis oriented approximately perpendicular to the weld axis is called a:

ALamellar crack.

BNon-directional crack.

CTransverse crack.

DPerpendicular crack.

Answer : C

Question 464

A-number groupings are based upon the:

AChemical composition of the deposited weld metal.

BComparable base metal ultimate strength values.

CWeldability characteristics of the metal.

DType and strength of base metal.

Answer : A

Question 465

The WPS gives the welder specific guidelines to:

ASet the machine amperage, voltage, and travel speed.

BConfirm the project heat input is followed during welding.

CSuccessfully complete production welds.

DMake imperfection/defect-free welds.

Answer : A

Question 466

For what maximum outside diameter may a radiographic technique be used in which the radiation passes through two walls and the weld in both walls is viewed for acceptance?

A1.5 in. (38.0 mm)

B2.5 in. (63.5 mm)

C3 in. (76.2 mm)

D3.5 in. (90.0 mm)

Answer : C

Question 467

In hardness testing of carbon steel weldment specimens, there is an approximate relationship between hardness and:

AToughness

BTensile strength

CDuctility

DYield strength

Answer : B

Question 468

Which of the following statements is true?

APQRs qualified on P8 materials also qualify for P1 materials.

BWelding procedures must be supported by more than one PQR.

CAll PQRs must be qualified with impact testing.

DOne PQR may support several WPSs.

Answer : D

Question 469

At any time during the welding inspection, if defects are identified:

AThey should be corrected before welding proceeds further.

BThe inspector should seek engineering input on whether the defect is actually acceptable.

CThe inspector should determine whether the weld may be acceptable for the intended service.

DThe inspector should examine all welds produced by the same welder.

Answer : A

Question 470

P-numbers are based on which of the following?

AComparable base metal characteristics

BWeldability characteristics of base metal

CElectrode characteristics

DChemical composition of the base metal

Answer : B

Question 471

For carbon steels, the HAZ includes those regions heated to a temperature greater than:

A1050F (556C)

B1150F (621C)

C1250F (677C)

D1350F (730C)

Answer : B

Question 472

Refer to the following diagram:

Item#4 represents:

Abevel face.

Bbevel angle.

Cgroove angle.

Dgroove face.

Answer : B

Question 473

Which of the following is a hazard associated with in-service welding on a carbon steel pipe containing chlorine?

AExplosion or unstable reaction with the addition of localized heat.

BExothermic decomposition or explosion.

CCarbon steel will burn in the presence of chlorine and high heat.

DHydrogen released during welding process can initiate hydrogen-assisted cracking.

Answer : A

Question 474

What is the most appropriate action when an inspector finds improperly marked filler materials?

AAccept them if nonessential variable.

BReject them.

CRe-qualify the WPS.

DAccept them if the markings are corrected.

Answer : B

Question 475

What is the major cause of lack of fusion in all welding processes involving carbon steel?

AInadequate preheat

BImproper welding speed

CImproper heat input and improper welding technique

DNot using a low hydrogen electrode or improper shielding

Answer : C

Question 476

What is the most capable NDE method for finding a discontinuity such as incomplete fusion in a joint?

AMT

BUT

CET

DRT

Answer : B

Question 477

Filler metals are grouped according to their A-numbers to:

AMinimize the number of performance qualifications.

BMinimize the number of welding procedure qualifications.

CDefine the welding characteristics.

DDesignate similar chemical compositions.

Answer : D

Question 478

Which of the following is the test that can measure most aspects of weldability?

AImpact testing

BThere is no single test

CWeld tension tests

DBend testing

Answer : B

Question 479

What is a discontinuity?

AAn interruption in the normal physical structure of a material.

BAn imperfection which is detectable with NDE.

CThe response or evidence from the application of NDE.

DA departure of a quality characteristic from its intended condition.

Answer : A

Question 480

General awareness of metallurgy is important to the welding inspector because:

AWelding processes can affect both mechanical and corrosion properties of a weldment.

BThe crystalline structure of base metals affects the resulting structure of the weld.

CPhysical properties of the final weldment can be significantly affected by preheat and postweld heat treatment (PWHT).

DA thorough knowledge of weld metal structures is necessary to understand weldability.

Answer : A

Question 481

Stud arc welding is a specialized process predominantly limited to welding:

ANon-load-bearing welds.

BInsulation and refractory pins.

CFlat position welds.

DNon-pressure-containing welds.

Answer : B

Question 482

The WPS gives the welder specific guidelines to:

ASet the machine amperage, voltage, and travel speed.

BConfirm the project heat input is followed during welding.

CSuccessfully complete production welds.

DMake imperfection/defect-free welds.

Answer : A

Question 483

What increases when a welder increases the amperage?

AVoltage

BArc length

CHeat

DTravel speed

Answer : C

Question 484

If a test specimen from a welded coupon should fail during PQR mechanical tests:

AThree out of four of the required test specimens must pass.

BThe test coupon fails and a new coupon is required.

CTwo additional test specimens from the coupon must be tested and pass.

DThe WPS fails.

Answer : B

Question 485

The simplest weldability tests are those that evaluate:

APorosity and slag inclusions of the weld.

BCracking and corrosion resistance of the weld.

CStrength and ductility of the weld.

DDuctility and hardness of the weld.

Answer : C

Question 486

Remote examination of welds may use aids such as telescopes, borescopes, fiberscopes, cameras, or other suitable instruments provided they have:

AGood perception and the inspection would be approximately equal to a direct visual exam.

BSensitivity to find possible defects that a direct visual exam would produce.

CA resolution at least equivalent to that which is attained by direct visual examination.

DA greater acuity than the eye and the inspection would be better than a direct visual.

Answer : C

Question 487

The carbon equivalent formula indicates:

AWhether postweld heat treatment (PWHT) will be needed.

BWhether preheat will be needed.

CThe theoretical carbon content of a steel.

DThe weldability of a steel, based on carbon content.

Answer : D

Question 488

A crack with its major axis oriented approximately perpendicular to the weld axis is called a:

ALamellar crack.

BNon-directional crack.

CTransverse crack.

DPerpendicular crack.

Answer : C

Question 489

For carbon steels, the HAZ includes those regions heated to a temperature greater than:

A1050F (556C)

B1150F (621C)

C1250F (677C)

D1350F (730C)

Answer : B

Question 490

What is the most appropriate action when an inspector finds improperly marked filler materials?

AAccept them if nonessential variable.

BReject them.

CRe-qualify the WPS.

DAccept them if the markings are corrected.

Answer : B

Question 491

Which of the following has the lowest range of welding currents and electrode diameters associated with the GMAW process?

AShort circuiting transfer

BPulsed droplet transfer

CGlobular transfer

DSpray transfer

Answer : A

Question 492

Which of the following is a commonly accepted limitation of flux core arc welding (FCAW)?

AIt is more sensitive to drafts and wind than GMAW.

BIt has lower deposition rates than SMAW.

CShielding must always be provided by an externally supplied gas.

DLarge volumes of welding fumes are generated.

Answer : D

Question 493

A welding engineer or inspector should be notified when a weld has failed a weld quality test more than how many times in order to help determine the cause of the test failure?

AONCE

BTWICE

CTHREE TIMES

DFOUR TIMES

Answer : B

Question 494

API Recommended Practice 577 provides:

AA definition of welds that should be inspected in refinery and chemical plant equipment.

BA definition of specific techniques and practices that should be used for welding inspection.

CGuidance on the extent and scope of inspection required for specific types of welds.

DGuidance on welding inspection during the fabrication and repairing of refinery equipment and piping.

Answer : D

Question 495

According to the PQR 8025, does the thickness range qualified concur with the thickness range as stated on the WPS 802?

AYes, but only for thicknesses greater than .280'

BNo, the material thickness on the PQR should be .375'

CYes, the PQR qualifies the ranges as stated on the WPS

DNo, the PQR thickness should have been .560'

Answer : C

Question 496

A root opening of a groove weld is:

AThe surface of a joint member included in the groove.

BA separation at the joint root between the work pieces.

CThe beveled surface of the joint members.

DThat portion of the groove face adjacent to the joint root.

Answer : B

Question 497

Base metals are assigned P-numbers by the ASME Code, Section IX to reduce the number of:

ARequired welding procedure specifications.

BRequired welding procedure qualifications.

CRequired procedure and performance qualifications.

DRequired mechanical tests.

Answer : C

Question 498

A limitation of a stud arc welding (SW) process is:

AWelding rates are significantly lower than those obtained with SMAW.

BProcess is primarily suitable for only carbon steel and low alloy steels.

CProcess is limited to a flat position.

DWeld is not visible during the welding process.

Answer : C

Question 499

API Recommended Practice 2201 primarily covers the:

AWPS/PQR aspects of in-service welding.

BTechnical aspects of hot tapping.

CSafety aspects of in-service welding.

DWeldability aspects of in-service welding.

Answer : C

Question 500

Filler metals are grouped according to their A-numbers to:

AMinimize the number of performance qualifications.

BMinimize the number of welding procedure qualifications.

CDefine the welding characteristics.

DDesignate similar chemical compositions.

Answer : D

Question 501

Which of the following statements is true?

APQRs qualified on P8 materials also qualify for P1 materials.

BWelding procedures must be supported by more than one PQR.

CAll PQRs must be qualified with impact testing.

DOne PQR may support several WPSs.

Answer : D

Question 502

For carbon steels, the HAZ includes those regions heated to a temperature greater than:

A1050F (556C)

B1150F (621C)

C1250F (677C)

D1350F (730C)

Answer : B

Question 503

Which of the following is a hazard associated with in-service welding on a carbon steel pipe containing chlorine?

AExplosion or unstable reaction with the addition of localized heat.

BExothermic decomposition or explosion.

CCarbon steel will burn in the presence of chlorine and high heat.

DHydrogen released during welding process can initiate hydrogen-assisted cracking.

Answer : A

Question 504

What is the minimum liquid level that should be maintained above the area that is to be hot tapped on a storage tank or vessel?

A1 ft. (300 mm)

B2 ft. (600 mm)

C3 ft. (900 mm)

D4 ft. (1200 mm)

Answer : B

Question 505

What is the most appropriate action when an inspector finds improperly marked filler materials?

AAccept them if nonessential variable.

BReject them.

CRe-qualify the WPS.

DAccept them if the markings are corrected.

Answer : B

Question 506

One of the main differences between welding nickel alloys and austenitic stainless steels is that with nickel alloys:

AInterpass temperature control is not needed.

BThere is less susceptibility to cracking from contaminants.

CThere is less susceptibility to lack of fusion.

DThe weld pool tends to be sluggish.

Answer : D

Question 507

The WPS gives the welder specific guidelines to:

ASet the machine amperage, voltage, and travel speed.

BConfirm the project heat input is followed during welding.

CSuccessfully complete production welds.

DMake imperfection/defect-free welds.

Answer : A

Question 508

What is the purpose of a PQR?

ATo provide direction to the welder making production welds.

BTo establish the properties of the weldment.

CTo document that a welder has correctly followed a WPS.

DTo establish a welder's capability to make a quality weld.

Answer : B

Question 509

A root opening of a groove weld is:

AThe surface of a joint member included in the groove.

BA separation at the joint root between the work pieces.

CThe beveled surface of the joint members.

DThat portion of the groove face adjacent to the joint root.

Answer : B

Question 510

Refer to the following diagram:

Item#1 represents:

Aroot opening.

Broot weld size.

Cgroove weld size.

Droot face.

Answer : A

Question 511

The direction of magnetic flux can be confirmed by the use of a:

APie gauge.

BMagnetic-field-sensitive crayon.

CFlux line sensitizer.

DCalibration gauge.

Answer : A

Question 512

Base metals are assigned P-numbers by the ASME Code, Section IX to reduce the number of:

ARequired welding procedure specifications.

BRequired welding procedure qualifications.

CRequired procedure and performance qualifications.

DRequired mechanical tests.

Answer : C

Question 513

Which of the following can result from residual magnetism left in a partially completed weld?

AExcessive distortion

BTendency of weld pool to be sluggish

CDeflection of the weld arc

DSolidification cracking

Answer : C

Question 514

What is a discontinuity?

AAn interruption in the normal physical structure of a material.

BAn imperfection which is detectable with NDE.

CThe response or evidence from the application of NDE.

DA departure of a quality characteristic from its intended condition.

Answer : A

Question 515

When performing a carbon steel to carbon steel hot tap where the CE of one of the metals is greater than 0.42%, which of the following electrodes should be used?

AE7048-H4

BE7048

CE7018-A1

DE7018

Answer : D

Question 516

P-numbers are based on which of the following?

AComparable base metal characteristics

BWeldability characteristics of base metal

CElectrode characteristics

DChemical composition of the base metal

Answer : B

Question 517

ACFM is an NDE technique ideal for inspecting:

ANozzles, ring-grooves, and grind-out areas.

BLap joint welds and uphill welding.

CButt welds (single and double bevel) and plug welds.

DFillet welds, J-welds, and seal welds.

Answer : A

Question 518

To reduce exposure to moisture of low-hydrogen electrodes after they have been removed from the manufacturer's packaging, they should be stored:

AUnder low humidity conditions.

BIn warm holding ovens.

CIn sealed plastic containers.

DIn tightly sealed ovens.

Answer : B

Question 519

Which of the following is the test that can measure most aspects of weldability?

AImpact testing

BThere is no single test

CWeld tension tests

DBend testing

Answer : B

Question 520

What is the "area of interest" on a weld radiograph?

AThe entire radiograph minus 2 in. (50.8 mm) from the edges

BOnly the area of contrasting density

CThe specific portion of a radiograph that needs to be evaluated

DThe portion that is less than 3t from the center of the radiograph, where t is the thickness of the weld

Answer : C

Question 521

A1%-10%

B5%-20%

C8%-18%

D15%-20%

Answer : C

Question 522

What is the maximum temperature at which ACFM may be used?

A300F (150C)

B500F (260C)

C900F (480C)

D1000F (540C)

Answer : B

Question 523

Which of the following is a practical solution to eliminate or reduce porosity when welding carbon steel?

AReduce travel speed

BProper shielding

CLower heat input

DArc length control

Answer : B

Question 524

Filler metals are grouped according to their A-numbers to:

AMinimize the number of performance qualifications.

BMinimize the number of welding procedure qualifications.

CDefine the welding characteristics.

DDesignate similar chemical compositions.

Answer : D

Question 525

Which of the following has the lowest range of welding currents and electrode diameters associated with the GMAW process?

AShort circuiting transfer

BPulsed droplet transfer

CGlobular transfer

DSpray transfer

Answer : A

Question 526

Hot tapping and in-service welding should be carried out only with:

ASteels that have a carbon equivalent below 0.30.

BCellulosic-type electrodes to reduce penetration.

CLow-hydrogen consumables and electrodes.

DLow-hydrogen root pass and cellulosic weld out.

Answer : C

Question 527

Items to be included in the PQR for the SMAW process are:

AWelding process used and AWS classification numbers.

BWelding process used and P-numbers of coupon welded.

CP-numbers of coupon welded and AWS classification numbers.

DElectrode-flux class and electrical characteristics.

Answer : B

Question 528

Which of the following is a hazard associated with in-service welding on a carbon steel pipe containing chlorine?

AExplosion or unstable reaction with the addition of localized heat.

BExothermic decomposition or explosion.

CCarbon steel will burn in the presence of chlorine and high heat.

DHydrogen released during welding process can initiate hydrogen-assisted cracking.

Answer : A

Question 529

For what maximum outside diameter may a radiographic technique be used in which the radiation passes through two walls and the weld in both walls is viewed for acceptance?

A1.5 in. (38.0 mm)

B2.5 in. (63.5 mm)

C3 in. (76.2 mm)

D3.5 in. (90.0 mm)

Answer : C

Question 530

Which of the following is a commonly accepted limitation of flux core arc welding (FCAW)?

AIt is more sensitive to drafts and wind than GMAW.

BIt has lower deposition rates than SMAW.

CShielding must always be provided by an externally supplied gas.

DLarge volumes of welding fumes are generated.

Answer : D

Question 531

In hardness testing of carbon steel weldment specimens, there is an approximate relationship between hardness and:

AToughness

BTensile strength

CDuctility

DYield strength

Answer : B

Question 532

Which welding process produces a fast-freezing weld pool and is generally suited for joining thin sections or root passes?

AGMAW-S

BGTAW

CGMAW

DFCAW

Answer : B

Question 533

API Recommended Practice 577 provides:

AA definition of welds that should be inspected in refinery and chemical plant equipment.

BA definition of specific techniques and practices that should be used for welding inspection.

CGuidance on the extent and scope of inspection required for specific types of welds.

DGuidance on welding inspection during the fabrication and repairing of refinery equipment and piping.

Answer : D

Question 534

If a nonessential variable is changed on a WPS, which of the following actions must occur?

AThe welding inspector can simply make the change on the WPS and initial as proof of acceptance.

BIt may be changed on the WPS without requalifying the welding procedure.

CThe welding procedure will need to be requalified by performing mechanical testing.

DImpact testing must be performed at the discretion of the welding engineer.

Answer : B

Question 535

API Recommended Practice 2201 primarily covers the:

AWPS/PQR aspects of in-service welding.

BTechnical aspects of hot tapping.

CSafety aspects of in-service welding.

DWeldability aspects of in-service welding.

Answer : C

Question 536

A1%-10%

B5%-20%

C8%-18%

D15%-20%

Answer : C

Question 537

A welding engineer or inspector should be notified when a weld has failed a weld quality test more than how many times in order to help determine the cause of the test failure?

AONCE

BTWICE

CTHREE TIMES

DFOUR TIMES

Answer : B

Question 538

A crack with its major axis oriented approximately perpendicular to the weld axis is called a:

ALamellar crack.

BNon-directional crack.

CTransverse crack.

DPerpendicular crack.

Answer : C

Question 539

What is the maximum temperature at which ACFM may be used?

A300F (150C)

B500F (260C)

C900F (480C)

D1000F (540C)

Answer : B

Question 540

The direction of magnetic flux can be confirmed by the use of a:

APie gauge.

BMagnetic-field-sensitive crayon.

CFlux line sensitizer.

DCalibration gauge.

Answer : A

Question 541

What term is used to describe the mechanical working of metals using impact blows?

AHammering

BMechanical stress relieving

CNeedle gunning

DPeening

Answer : D

Question 542

What is a discontinuity?

AAn interruption in the normal physical structure of a material.

BAn imperfection which is detectable with NDE.

CThe response or evidence from the application of NDE.

DA departure of a quality characteristic from its intended condition.

Answer : A

Question 543

For GMAW welding, the last number of the electrode identifies the:

AChemical composition.

BStrength of the electrode.

CCoating characteristics.

DOperating characteristics.

Answer : D

Question 544

Base metals are assigned P-numbers by the ASME Code, Section IX to reduce the number of:

ARequired welding procedure specifications.

BRequired welding procedure qualifications.

CRequired procedure and performance qualifications.

DRequired mechanical tests.

Answer : C

Question 545

A-number groupings are based upon the:

AChemical composition of the deposited weld metal.

BComparable base metal ultimate strength values.

CWeldability characteristics of the metal.

DType and strength of base metal.

Answer : A

Question 546

The simplest weldability tests are those that evaluate:

APorosity and slag inclusions of the weld.

BCracking and corrosion resistance of the weld.

CStrength and ductility of the weld.

DDuctility and hardness of the weld.

Answer : C

Question 547

A1%-10%

B5%-20%

C8%-18%

D15%-20%

Answer : C

Question 548

Refer to the following diagram:

Item#4 represents:

Abevel face.

Bbevel angle.

Cgroove angle.

Dgroove face.

Answer : B

Question 549

Crater cracks typically occur:

AIn weld metal at the point where the arc terminates.

BIn the HAZ at the point where the arc initiates.

CIn weld metal at the point where the arc initiates.

DIn the HAZ at the point where the arc terminates.

Answer : A

Question 550

For carbon steels, the HAZ includes those regions heated to a temperature greater than:

A1050F (556C)

B1150F (621C)

C1250F (677C)

D1350F (730C)

Answer : B

Question 551

As a result of welding, metals with a high coefficient of thermal expansion are:

AMore susceptible to distortion during welding.

BLess susceptible to cracking during welding.

CMore susceptible to brittle fracture.

DLess susceptible to brittle fracture.

Answer : A

Question 552

Exposed film that allows 1% of the incident light to pass through has a film density of:

A1.0

B2.0

C3.0

D4.0

Answer : C

Question 553

A ''mill certificate" is a/an:

AAnalysis of the chemical elements in an ingot.

BChemical analysis of a base metal to be welded.

CList of the chemical and mechanical properties specified by a purchaser.

DProduct analysis of mechanical properties of a base metal.

Answer : C

Question 554

Items to be included in the PQR for the SMAW process are:

AWelding process used and AWS classification numbers.

BWelding process used and P-numbers of coupon welded.

CP-numbers of coupon welded and AWS classification numbers.

DElectrode-flux class and electrical characteristics.

Answer : B

Question 555

Which of the following has the lowest range of welding currents and electrode diameters associated with the GMAW process?

AShort circuiting transfer

BPulsed droplet transfer

CGlobular transfer

DSpray transfer

Answer : A

Question 556

The direction of magnetic flux can be confirmed by the use of a:

APie gauge.

BMagnetic-field-sensitive crayon.

CFlux line sensitizer.

DCalibration gauge.

Answer : A

Question 557

What is a discontinuity?

AAn interruption in the normal physical structure of a material.

BAn imperfection which is detectable with NDE.

CThe response or evidence from the application of NDE.

DA departure of a quality characteristic from its intended condition.

Answer : A

Question 558

Filler metals are grouped according to their A-numbers to:

AMinimize the number of performance qualifications.

BMinimize the number of welding procedure qualifications.

CDefine the welding characteristics.

DDesignate similar chemical compositions.

Answer : D

Question 559

What increases when a welder increases the amperage?

AVoltage

BArc length

CHeat

DTravel speed

Answer : C

Question 560

Which welding process has been associated most with lack of fusion with shop-fabricated piping?

AGMAW-S

BGMAW-SF

CFCAW

DFCAW-SW

Answer : A

Question 561

In hardness testing of carbon steel weldment specimens, there is an approximate relationship between hardness and:

AToughness

BTensile strength

CDuctility

DYield strength

Answer : B

Question 562

What is the liquid flow rate range that should be maintained in piping to be hot tapped?

A0.05 - 2.7 ft./sec (0.015 - 0.82 m/sec)

B1.3 - 4.0 ft./sec (0.40 - 1.20 m/sec)

C2.3 - 3.3 ft./sec (0.70 - 1.00 m/sec)

D4.1 - 5.5 ft./sec (1.25 - 1.68 m/sec)

Answer : B

Question 563

Which of the following is the test that can measure most aspects of weldability?

AImpact testing

BThere is no single test

CWeld tension tests

DBend testing

Answer : B

Question 564

Which of the following is a commonly accepted limitation of flux core arc welding (FCAW)?

AIt is more sensitive to drafts and wind than GMAW.

BIt has lower deposition rates than SMAW.

CShielding must always be provided by an externally supplied gas.

DLarge volumes of welding fumes are generated.

Answer : D

Question 565

What GMAW welding process uses carbon dioxide as the shielding gas, and is limited to the flat and horizontal position?

ASpray transfer

BPulsed transfer

CGlobular transfer

DShort circuiting transfer

Answer : C

Question 566

What is the minimum liquid level that should be maintained above the area that is to be hot tapped on a storage tank or vessel?

A1 ft. (300 mm)

B2 ft. (600 mm)

C3 ft. (900 mm)

D4 ft. (1200 mm)

Answer : B

Question 567

Mechanical tests are required to qualify a welding procedure to document that the properties of the weldment meet which of the following?

AThe expected load for which the weld will be subject.

BThe minimum established acceptance criteria.

CThe requirements as established in ASME Section XI.

DThe same criteria required for welder qualification.

Answer : B

Question 568

Exposed film that allows 1% of the incident light to pass through has a film density of:

A1.0

B2.0

C3.0

D4.0

Answer : C

Question 569

What term is used to describe the mechanical working of metals using impact blows?

AHammering

BMechanical stress relieving

CNeedle gunning

DPeening

Answer : D

Question 570

ACFM is an NDE technique ideal for inspecting:

ANozzles, ring-grooves, and grind-out areas.

BLap joint welds and uphill welding.

CButt welds (single and double bevel) and plug welds.

DFillet welds, J-welds, and seal welds.

Answer : A

Question 571

Which welding process produces a fast-freezing weld pool and is generally suited for joining thin sections or root passes?

AGMAW-S

BGTAW

CGMAW

DFCAW

Answer : B

Question 572

Base metals are assigned P-numbers by the ASME Code, Section IX to reduce the number of:

ARequired welding procedure specifications.

BRequired welding procedure qualifications.

CRequired procedure and performance qualifications.

DRequired mechanical tests.

Answer : C

Question 573

What is a discontinuity?

AAn interruption in the normal physical structure of a material.

BAn imperfection which is detectable with NDE.

CThe response or evidence from the application of NDE.

DA departure of a quality characteristic from its intended condition.

Answer : A

Question 574

P-numbers are based on which of the following?

AComparable base metal characteristics

BWeldability characteristics of base metal

CElectrode characteristics

DChemical composition of the base metal

Answer : B

Question 575

Hot tapping and in-service welding should be carried out only with:

ASteels that have a carbon equivalent below 0.30.

BCellulosic-type electrodes to reduce penetration.

CLow-hydrogen consumables and electrodes.

DLow-hydrogen root pass and cellulosic weld out.

Answer : C

Question 576

In hardness testing of carbon steel weldment specimens, there is an approximate relationship between hardness and:

AToughness

BTensile strength

CDuctility

DYield strength

Answer : B

Question 577

For SMAW welding, the last number of the electrode identification identifies:

AChemical composition.

BElectrode operating characteristics.

CWelding position.

DCoating operating characteristics.

Answer : D

Question 578

Which of the following is a commonly accepted limitation of flux core arc welding (FCAW)?

AIt is more sensitive to drafts and wind than GMAW.

BIt has lower deposition rates than SMAW.

CShielding must always be provided by an externally supplied gas.

DLarge volumes of welding fumes are generated.

Answer : D

Question 579

General awareness of metallurgy is important to the welding inspector because:

AWelding processes can affect both mechanical and corrosion properties of a weldment.

BThe crystalline structure of base metals affects the resulting structure of the weld.

CPhysical properties of the final weldment can be significantly affected by preheat and postweld heat treatment (PWHT).

DA thorough knowledge of weld metal structures is necessary to understand weldability.

Answer : A

Question 580

To reduce exposure to moisture of low-hydrogen electrodes after they have been removed from the manufacturer's packaging, they should be stored:

AUnder low humidity conditions.

BIn warm holding ovens.

CIn sealed plastic containers.

DIn tightly sealed ovens.

Answer : B

Question 581

Stud arc welding is a specialized process predominantly limited to welding:

ANon-load-bearing welds.

BInsulation and refractory pins.

CFlat position welds.

DNon-pressure-containing welds.

Answer : B

Question 582

Hardenability of a steel can be an indirect indicator of:

AWeldability

BToughness

CStrength

DCooling rate

Answer : A

Question 583

Which of the following statements is true?

APQRs qualified on P8 materials also qualify for P1 materials.

BWelding procedures must be supported by more than one PQR.

CAll PQRs must be qualified with impact testing.

DOne PQR may support several WPSs.

Answer : D

Question 584

Which of the following is an important aspect of a qualified WPS?

AWelder qualification

BMaintaining project schedule

CWelding program effectiveness

DFabrication quality control

Answer : D

Question 585

Remote examination of welds may use aids such as telescopes, borescopes, fiberscopes, cameras, or other suitable instruments provided they have:

AGood perception and the inspection would be approximately equal to a direct visual exam.

BSensitivity to find possible defects that a direct visual exam would produce.

CA resolution at least equivalent to that which is attained by direct visual examination.

DA greater acuity than the eye and the inspection would be better than a direct visual.

Answer : C

Question 586

When verifying that the filler metal selection is appropriate for the base metal being welded, an inspector should consider:

AChemical composition.

BTensile strength to be higher than the base metal.

CAcceptability of physical properties.

DNeed for postweld heat treatment (PWHT).

Answer : A

Question 587

What is the major cause of lack of fusion in all welding processes involving carbon steel?

AInadequate preheat

BImproper welding speed

CImproper heat input and improper welding technique

DNot using a low hydrogen electrode or improper shielding

Answer : C

Question 588

Which welding process produces a fast-freezing weld pool and is generally suited for joining thin sections or root passes?

AGMAW-S

BGTAW

CGMAW

DFCAW

Answer : B

Question 589

Mechanical tests are required to qualify a welding procedure to document that the properties of the weldment meet which of the following?

AThe expected load for which the weld will be subject.

BThe minimum established acceptance criteria.

CThe requirements as established in ASME Section XI.

DThe same criteria required for welder qualification.

Answer : B

Question 590

What is the "area of interest" on a weld radiograph?

AThe entire radiograph minus 2 in. (50.8 mm) from the edges

BOnly the area of contrasting density

CThe specific portion of a radiograph that needs to be evaluated

DThe portion that is less than 3t from the center of the radiograph, where t is the thickness of the weld

Answer : C

Question 591

Which welding process has been associated most with lack of fusion with shop-fabricated piping?

AGMAW-S

BGMAW-SF

CFCAW

DFCAW-SW

Answer : A

Question 592

Crater cracks typically occur:

AIn weld metal at the point where the arc terminates.

BIn the HAZ at the point where the arc initiates.

CIn weld metal at the point where the arc initiates.

DIn the HAZ at the point where the arc terminates.

Answer : A

Question 593

When welding nickel alloys, it is important that:

AThe bevel angle be wide enough to allow oscillation of welding torch.

BThe cooling rate be controlled in order to prevent rapid cooling.

CPreheating is always performed to prevent hot cracking.

DA wide face and thinner bevel be used.

Answer : B

Question 594

Items to be included in the PQR for the SMAW process are:

AWelding process used and AWS classification numbers.

BWelding process used and P-numbers of coupon welded.

CP-numbers of coupon welded and AWS classification numbers.

DElectrode-flux class and electrical characteristics.

Answer : B

Question 595

If a test specimen from a welded coupon should fail during PQR mechanical tests:

AThree out of four of the required test specimens must pass.

BThe test coupon fails and a new coupon is required.

CTwo additional test specimens from the coupon must be tested and pass.

DThe WPS fails.

Answer : B