Three companies have joined together to create a new legal entity to explore a new opportunity outside of their core businesses. What is the name given to this type of arrangement?
Answer : A
A joint venture is specifically defined by forming a new legal entity owned by the participants for a defined purpose.
Dependencies are the relation between tasks and dictate the order in which tasks are approached. Claudia is running a tender under the Public Contracts Regulations 2015, and there is a 10-day standstill period before she can draft the contract. What type of dependency is this?
Answer : A
A mandatory dependency is legally or logically required --- in this case, the statutory 10-day ''standstill'' under public procurement law. Other types: external (outside factors), discretionary (team choice), internal (organisational processes).
When would a company use Value Stream Mapping?
Answer : B
Value Stream Mapping (VSM) charts all activities in the end-to-end flow to distinguish value-adding vs. non-value-adding steps and reduce waste in the process.
What is a Theory-Driven Evaluation?
Answer : D
Theory-Driven Evaluation seeks to understand the causal mechanisms --- how and why a project achieved (or failed to achieve) results --- rather than merely measuring outputs.
In Lewin's 3 stage Change Model, which is the first stage?
Answer : A
Lewin's classic model frames change as Unfreeze Change Refreeze. The first step is unfreezing, preparing the organisation/people to move away from the current state before making and stabilising the change.
Why should objectives be incorporated into a Project Initiation Document (PID)? Select TWO
Answer : A, B
Clear objectives in the PID motivate/align the team and help decompose the work into manageable tasks. They are not ''rules,'' and financial outcomes are not guaranteed or the sole purpose.
Which of the following are often considered the success factors for a project? Select TWO
Answer : B, C
Core success factors highlighted include robust planning and clear, well-defined objectives/requirements. Projects don't inherently need large budgets to be successful, and external stakeholders may not always be central.