What are the three key patrons involved in supporting the successful progress and formation of any Al-based application?
Answer : D
Customer Facing Teams: These teams are critical in understanding and defining the requirements of the AI-based application from the end-user perspective. They gather insights on customer needs, pain points, and desired outcomes, which are essential for designing a user-centric AI solution.
Executive Team: The executive team provides strategic direction, resources, and support for AI initiatives. They are responsible for aligning the AI strategy with the overall business objectives, securing funding, and fostering a culture that supports innovation and technology adoption.
Data Science Team: The data science team is responsible for the technical development of the AI application. They handle data collection, preprocessing, model building, training, and evaluation. Their expertise ensures the AI system is accurate, efficient, and scalable.
What is the purpose of adversarial training in the lifecycle of a Large Language Model (LLM)?
Answer : A
Adversarial training is a technique used to improve the robustness of AI models, including Large Language Models (LLMs), against various types of attacks. Here's a detailed explanation:
Definition: Adversarial training involves exposing the model to adversarial examples---inputs specifically designed to deceive the model during training.
Purpose: The main goal is to make the model more resistant to attacks, such as prompt injections or other malicious inputs, by improving its ability to recognize and handle these inputs appropriately.
Process: During training, the model is repeatedly exposed to slightly modified input data that is designed to exploit its vulnerabilities, allowing it to learn how to maintain performance and accuracy despite these perturbations.
Benefits: This method helps in enhancing the security and reliability of AI models when they are deployed in production environments, ensuring they can handle unexpected or adversarial situations better.
Goodfellow, I. J., Shlens, J., & Szegedy, C. (2015). Explaining and Harnessing Adversarial Examples. arXiv preprint arXiv:1412.6572.
Kurakin, A., Goodfellow, I., & Bengio, S. (2017). Adversarial Machine Learning at Scale. arXiv preprint arXiv:1611.01236.
A team is analyzing the performance of their Al models and noticed that the models are reinforcing existing flawed ideas.
What type of bias is this?
Answer : A
When AI models reinforce existing flawed ideas, it is typically indicative of systemic bias. This type of bias occurs when the underlying system, including the data, algorithms, and other structural factors, inherently favors certain outcomes or perspectives. Systemic bias can lead to the perpetuation of stereotypes, inequalities, or unfair practices that are present in the data or processes used to train the model.
Confirmation Bias (Option OB) refers to the tendency to process information by looking for, or interpreting, information that is consistent with one's existing beliefs. Linguistic Bias (Option OC) involves bias that arises from the nuances of language used in the data. Data Bias (Option OD) is a broader term that could encompass various types of biases in the data but does not specifically refer to the reinforcement of flawed ideas as systemic bias does. Therefore, the correct answer is A. Systemic Bias.
What is the difference between supervised and unsupervised learning in the context of training Large Language Models (LLMs)?
Answer : C
Supervised Learning: Involves using labeled datasets where the input-output pairs are provided. The AI system learns to map inputs to the correct outputs by minimizing the error between its predictions and the actual labels.
Unsupervised Learning: Involves using unlabeled data. The AI system tries to find patterns, structures, or relationships in the data without explicit instructions on what to predict. Common techniques include clustering and association.
Application in LLMs: Supervised learning is typically used for fine-tuning models on specific tasks, while unsupervised learning is used during the initial phase to learn the broad features and representations from vast amounts of raw text.
What is the primary purpose of fine-tuning in the lifecycle of a Large Language Model (LLM)?
Answer : B
Definition of Fine-Tuning: Fine-tuning is a process in which a pretrained model is further trained on a smaller, task-specific dataset. This helps the model adapt to particular tasks or domains, improving its performance in those areas.
Purpose: The primary purpose is to refine the model's parameters so that it performs optimally on the specific content it will encounter in real-world applications. This makes the model more accurate and efficient for the given task.
Example: For instance, a general language model can be fine-tuned on legal documents to create a specialized model for legal text analysis, improving its ability to understand and generate text in that specific context.
What is Artificial Narrow Intelligence (ANI)?
Answer : D
Artificial Narrow Intelligence (ANI) refers to AI systems that are designed to perform a specific task or a narrow set of tasks. The correct answer is option D. Here's a detailed explanation:
Definition of ANI: ANI, also known as weak AI, is specialized in one area. It can perform a particular function very well, such as facial recognition, language translation, or playing a game like chess.
Characteristics: Unlike general AI, ANI does not possess general cognitive abilities. It cannot perform tasks outside its specific domain without human intervention or retraining.
Examples: Siri, Alexa, and Google's search algorithms are examples of ANI. These systems excel in their designated tasks but cannot transfer their learning to unrelated areas.
Goodfellow, I., Bengio, Y., & Courville, A. (2016). Deep Learning. MIT Press.
Kaplan, A., & Haenlein, M. (2019). Siri, Siri, in my hand: Who's the fairest in the land? On the interpretations, illustrations, and implications of artificial intelligence. Business Horizons, 62(1), 15-25.
A company is considering using Generative Al in its operations.
Which of the following is a benefit of using Generative Al?
Answer : C
Generative AI has the potential to significantly enhance the customer experience. It can be used to personalize interactions, automate responses, and provide more engaging content, which can lead to a more satisfying and tailored experience for customers.
Decreased innovation (Option OA), higher operational costs (Option OB), and increased manual labor (Option OD) are not benefits of using Generative AI. In fact, Generative AI is often associated with fostering greater innovation, reducing operational costs, and automating tasks that would otherwise require manual effort. Therefore, the correct answer is C. Enhanced customer experience, as it is a recognized benefit of implementing Generative AI in business operations.