OMSB_OEN Omani Examination for Nurses Exam Practice Test

Answer : C

In this scenario, the nurse is assuming the role of an advocate. Advocacy involves acting on behalf of patients to ensure they receive the necessary services and support. This includes communicating with authorities to improve access to healthcare services, especially in underserved areas like rural communities. By addressing barriers and promoting patients' needs, the nurse helps to ensure equitable access to care and resources.

Answer : A

A missed abortion refers to a situation where the fetus dies in the uterus but is not expelled. This condition is also known as a silent miscarriage. The woman may not experience the typical symptoms of miscarriage, such as bleeding or cramping, and the diagnosis is often made during a routine ultrasound when no fetal heartbeat is detected. Complete abortion involves the complete expulsion of fetal tissue, inevitable abortion is when the miscarriage cannot be stopped, and threatened abortion refers to any bleeding in the first 20 weeks of pregnancy without cervical dilation.

Answer : A

Audiometry is the most important diagnostic test for assessing hearing loss. This test measures a person's ability to hear sounds, varying in pitch and loudness. It is a comprehensive evaluation that helps determine the degree and type of hearing loss, whether it is conductive, sensorineural, or mixed. Tympanogram, middle ear endoscopy, and auditory brain stem response are also valuable diagnostic tools, but audiometry provides the primary assessment necessary for diagnosing hearing loss and guiding subsequent treatment.

Answer : D

Swimming is an excellent exercise for individuals with low back pain as it is low-impact and helps strengthen the muscles supporting the back without putting undue stress on it. Sit-ups and leg lifts can strain the back and worsen pain, while running is a high-impact activity that can also exacerbate back pain. Swimming promotes flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health while minimizing the risk of further injury to the back.

Answer : A

A cohort study involves following a group of people who share a common characteristic or experience within a defined period to determine how certain exposures affect outcomes over time. In this scenario, the researcher is following a population of a similar age group over time to observe the incidence of a specific disease. This longitudinal approach helps to identify the relationship between exposure and the development of the disease, making it a cohort study.

Answer : C

Understanding Anion Gap:

The anion gap is a calculated value based on the concentrations of cations (positively charged ions) and anions (negatively charged ions) in the blood, used to identify the causes of metabolic acidosis.

Normal and Abnormal Values:

Normal Anion Gap: Typically ranges from 8-12 mEq/L, though some sources consider 6-12 mEq/L as normal.

High Anion Gap (> 12): Indicates metabolic acidosis, often due to conditions like ketoacidosis, lactic acidosis, or ingestion of toxins.

Low Anion Gap (< 8): Not typically associated with metabolic alkalosis; other conditions like hypoalbuminemia may cause it.

Clinical Relevance:

Anion gap helps clinicians determine the underlying cause of acid-base imbalances and guide appropriate treatment.

American Association for Clinical Chemistry (AACC)

Mayo Clinic on Anion Gap

Answer : B

Leg Ulcers Management:

Leg ulcers, especially chronic ones, require specific treatments to promote healing and prevent infection.

Medical Management Options:

Anticoagulant therapy: Typically used for conditions like deep vein thrombosis, not directly for leg ulcers.

Decompression therapy and Positive pressure therapy: Not standard treatments for leg ulcers.

Hyperbaric Oxygenation: This treatment involves breathing pure oxygen in a pressurized environment. It increases oxygen delivery to tissues, promotes healing, reduces inflammation, and fights infection, making it an effective treatment for chronic leg ulcers.

Wound Healing Society guidelines on leg ulcer treatment

National Institutes of Health (NIH) on Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy