OMSB Omani Examination for Nurses OMSB_OEN Exam Questions

Answer : A

Insufficient Sleep and Obesity:

Lack of sleep disrupts hormones that regulate hunger, such as leptin and ghrelin, leading to increased appetite and potential weight gain.

Studies have shown a clear link between insufficient sleep and higher body mass index (BMI).

Other Statements:

Depression and Weight: Depression can affect weight, often leading to weight gain or loss.

Work Stress and Diabetes: Stress is linked to type 2 diabetes, not type 1.

Activity Levels: While obesity can reduce activity levels, it is not universally true that all obese individuals are less active than those of normal weight.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

National Institutes of Health (NIH)

Answer : C

A blood transfusion reaction can lead to hemolytic jaundice. This type of jaundice occurs when there is an excessive breakdown of red blood cells, leading to an increase in bilirubin production. Hemolytic reactions during a blood transfusion cause the destruction of the transfused red blood cells, releasing large amounts of hemoglobin into the bloodstream, which is then converted to bilirubin, resulting in jaundice.

American Association of Blood Banks (AABB). (2017). Technical Manual, 19th Edition. AABB Press.

Answer : B

Cushing Syndrome Symptoms:

Cushing syndrome is characterized by high levels of cortisol which can lead to brittle bones (osteoporosis), easy bruising, and muscle weakness.

Best Nursing Actions:

Review Calcium Level: Important but not the immediate priority to prevent fractures.

Orthopedic Clinic Visit: Necessary for follow-up but not the immediate action.

High Protein Diet: Important for muscle strength but secondary to immediate safety.

Protective Environment: Preventing falls and injuries is the best immediate action to avoid further fractures and bruising. Ensuring the patient's environment is safe and free from hazards is essential.

Mayo Clinic guidelines on Cushing Syndrome

American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE)

Answer : B

Diabetes Mellitus and Pregnancy:

Mothers with diabetes mellitus, especially if poorly controlled, have a higher risk of having babies with congenital anomalies.

Common Conditions in Infants:

Congenital Heart Defects (CHDs): These are the most common congenital anomalies seen in babies born to mothers with diabetes. This includes conditions like ventricular septal defect, atrial septal defect, and transposition of the great arteries.

Other Possible Conditions: Although cystic fibrosis, polycystic kidney disease, and developmental dysplasia of the hip can occur in newborns, they are not directly associated with maternal diabetes.

American Diabetes Association (ADA)

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

Answer : D

Motivating Nurses and Teamwork:

Recognizing and appreciating the efforts of nurses is crucial for maintaining morale and encouraging teamwork.

Best Approach:

Email Appreciation and Memo: These are impersonal and might not effectively motivate the team.

Morning Shift Report Discussion: Useful for daily updates but less formal and might miss some members.

Ward Meeting Acknowledgment: Publicly recognizing individual contributions in a ward meeting is more personal and impactful. It allows team members to feel valued and appreciated in front of their peers, boosting morale and motivation.

Journal of Nursing Management on Team Motivation

American Nurses Association (ANA) on Nurse Recognition and Rewards

Answer : C

In a chest physical assessment of a client with asthma, the nurse expects to hear wheezes.

Wheezes: These are high-pitched, musical sounds heard during expiration (and sometimes inspiration) caused by narrowing or obstruction of the airways.

Stridor: This is a high-pitched sound usually heard on inspiration, typically associated with upper airway obstruction, not asthma.

Crackles: These are popping sounds heard during inspiration, often associated with conditions like pneumonia or heart failure, not typical for asthma.

Diminished Lung Sounds: This can occur in severe asthma but is less common compared to wheezes.

American Thoracic Society: Asthma Diagnosis and Monitoring

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID): Asthma Symptoms and Diagnosis

Answer : A

When teaching nursing students about the recommended diet for a patient with a myocardial infarction, it's crucial to emphasize a diet low in fat and cholesterol. This helps in reducing the risk of further cardiovascular complications.

Low Fat and Cholesterol: Foods low in saturated fat and cholesterol are recommended to prevent the build-up of plaque in the arteries and reduce the risk of another heart attack.

Avoiding Red Meat: High intake of red meat is discouraged because it is often high in saturated fat and cholesterol.

Dark Chocolate Intake: While some dark chocolate in moderation can have health benefits due to its antioxidant properties, the emphasis should be on a balanced diet.

Protein and Carbohydrates: Protein is essential for recovery, but the focus should be on lean sources. Carbohydrates should come from whole grains and other healthy sources rather than simple sugars.

American Heart Association (AHA): Dietary Recommendations for Cardiovascular Health

National Institutes of Health (NIH): Heart-Healthy Eating