OMSB OMSB_OEN Exam Practice Test Instant Access

Question 1

A nursing instructor teaching a group of nursing students about the recommended diet for a patient with a myocardial infarction.

Which of the following points will be included in the teaching?

ALow fat and cholesterol

BHigh intake of red meat

CLow intake of dark chocolate
D Low protein and high carbohydrates

Answer : A

When teaching nursing students about the recommended diet for a patient with a myocardial infarction, it's crucial to emphasize a diet low in fat and cholesterol. This helps in reducing the risk of further cardiovascular complications.

Low Fat and Cholesterol: Foods low in saturated fat and cholesterol are recommended to prevent the build-up of plaque in the arteries and reduce the risk of another heart attack.

Avoiding Red Meat: High intake of red meat is discouraged because it is often high in saturated fat and cholesterol.

Dark Chocolate Intake: While some dark chocolate in moderation can have health benefits due to its antioxidant properties, the emphasis should be on a balanced diet.

Protein and Carbohydrates: Protein is essential for recovery, but the focus should be on lean sources. Carbohydrates should come from whole grains and other healthy sources rather than simple sugars.

American Heart Association (AHA): Dietary Recommendations for Cardiovascular Health

National Institutes of Health (NIH): Heart-Healthy Eating

Question 2

A nurse is preparing a care plan for a patient with kidney failure on maintaining optimal sleep and comfort level.

Which of the following sleep disorders require priority intervention?

ASomnolence

BParasomnia

CHypersomnia

DSomnambulism

Answer : C

Sleep Disorders in Kidney Failure:

Patients with kidney failure often experience various sleep disturbances due to factors like uremic toxins, restless legs syndrome, and sleep apnea.

Priority Intervention:

Somnolence and Parasomnia: These are conditions where patients may feel drowsy or experience abnormal behaviors during sleep, but they are not as immediately concerning.

Hypersomnia: Excessive sleepiness can significantly impact daily functioning and quality of life, making it a priority for intervention.

Somnambulism: Sleepwalking can pose safety risks but is less common and usually less impactful than hypersomnia in kidney failure patients.

National Kidney Foundation (NKF)

American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM)

Question 3

A 50-year-old multi-para woman complains of a soft bulge of tissue in her vagin

a. It is uncomfortable to her and is protruding through her vaginal orifice. The woman expresses her anxiety regarding her situation.

What is the IMMEDIATE action of the nurse?

ARefers the woman to the doctor

BEducates the woman about her diet

CReassures the woman about her condition

DTeaches the woman about Kegel exercises

Answer : A

Soft Bulge in Vagina:

This symptom could indicate a pelvic organ prolapse, such as a uterine or bladder prolapse, which requires medical evaluation and treatment.

Immediate Action:

Referral to Doctor: Immediate referral is necessary for proper diagnosis and to plan appropriate treatment.

Diet and Reassurance: These are important but secondary actions after the initial medical assessment.

Kegel Exercises: While beneficial for pelvic floor strengthening, they are not the immediate action in response to a significant prolapse.

American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG)

Mayo Clinic Guidelines on Pelvic Organ Prolapse

Question 4

A patient with a history angina pectoris brought by to the Emergency Department complaining of severe chest pain. The patient informs the nurse that he did not take nitroglycerine tablet.

Which of the following assessment findings must concern the nurses MOST before administering nitroglycerine?

AHeart rate of 90 bpm

BBlood sugar of 12 mmol/L

CBlood pressure of 190/110 mmHg

DBlood pressure of 80/60 mmHg

Answer : D

Patient History: The patient has angina pectoris, which means they have episodes of chest pain due to reduced blood flow to the heart muscle. Nitroglycerin is a common medication used to relieve this pain by dilating blood vessels.

Nitroglycerin Mechanism: Nitroglycerin works by relaxing and widening blood vessels, which decreases the workload on the heart and increases blood flow to the heart muscle. This process typically lowers blood pressure.

Assessment Concerns:

Heart rate of 90 bpm: This is within the normal range and does not typically contraindicate the use of nitroglycerin.

Blood sugar of 12 mmol/L: Elevated blood sugar is concerning but not directly affected by nitroglycerin administration.

Blood pressure of 190/110 mmHg: This is high and nitroglycerin can help reduce it. High blood pressure is often treated with nitroglycerin.

Blood pressure of 80/60 mmHg: This is hypotension (low blood pressure). Since nitroglycerin lowers blood pressure further, administering it to a patient with already low blood pressure can lead to severe hypotension, which is life-threatening.

Conclusion: The most concerning finding is the low blood pressure (80/60 mmHg) because administering nitroglycerin in this situation can further lower the blood pressure to dangerous levels. Reference: NCLEX-RN review guides, pharmacology textbooks, clinical guidelines on the management of angina pectoris and nitroglycerin use.

Question 5

A nurse is educating a client who was involved in a gunshot incident for the purpose of preventing post-trauma syndrome.

Which of the following behaviors indicates client's understanding of the education?

AClient expresses beliefs and values freely

BClient demonstrates an increase in activity level

CClient maintains anxiety level at manageable level

DClient demonstrates ability to deal with emotional reactions

Answer : D

In educating a client involved in a gunshot incident to prevent post-trauma syndrome, the most indicative behavior of understanding is the client's ability to deal with emotional reactions. This is a critical aspect of managing post-traumatic stress.

Expressing Beliefs and Values Freely: This is important for overall well-being but does not directly address coping with trauma.

Increasing Activity Level: Physical activity can help, but it is not the primary indicator of understanding trauma management.

Maintaining Manageable Anxiety Levels: While managing anxiety is important, it is part of the broader goal of dealing with emotional reactions.

Dealing with Emotional Reactions: This directly addresses the psychological impact of trauma and demonstrates effective coping mechanisms and emotional resilience.

American Psychiatric Association (APA): Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5)

National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH): Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

Question 6

A staff nurse was entering patient's clinical notes in the computer, and had to leave to attend an immediate call without completion of recording. Another nurse used the account of the previous nurse to enter her notes.

Which of the following BEST describes the ethical issue that was committed?

ANegligence

BMalpractice

CBreach of privacy

DBreach of confidentiality

Answer : D

The situation describes a breach of confidentiality, which occurs when private patient information is accessed or disclosed without proper authorization.

Negligence: This refers to the failure to provide the standard of care that a reasonably prudent person would provide in a similar situation, but it doesn't specifically address unauthorized access to patient information.

Malpractice: This is a type of negligence by a professional, which results in harm to the patient, and usually involves direct patient care rather than record-keeping issues.

Breach of Privacy: This involves the inappropriate disclosure of private information. In this case, using someone else's account does not directly disclose patient information to unauthorized parties.

Breach of Confidentiality: This specifically addresses the unauthorized access or use of patient information, which is exactly what happened when another nurse used the first nurse's account to enter notes.

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) Guidelines

American Nurses Association (ANA): Code of Ethics for Nurses with Interpretive Statements

Question 7

A nurse is planning to collect data regarding health status of a patient with anemia.

Which of the following questions would the nurse ask the patient related to the patient's health status?

A'How often do you exercise per week?'
B 'How many hours per day do you sleep7'

C'Do you frequently attend the clinic visits?'

D'Are you allergic to certain type of drug or food?'

Answer : A

Assessment of Anemia:

Anemia affects the body's ability to transport oxygen, leading to symptoms like fatigue, weakness, and shortness of breath.

Relevant Health Status Questions:

Exercise Frequency: Understanding the patient's exercise routine can help gauge the impact of anemia on their daily activities and overall health.

Sleep Duration: While important, it is less directly related to assessing anemia's impact.

Clinic Visits and Allergies: Important for comprehensive health but less relevant for directly assessing anemia symptoms.

World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines on anemia

American Society of Hematology (ASH)

OMSB Omani Examination for Nurses OMSB_OEN Exam Practice Test