PECB ISO/IEC 27002 Foundation ISO-IEC-27002-Foundation Exam Questions

Answer : C

System requirements should not be the primary factor listed for locating and constructing physical premises in the ISO/IEC 27002 physical security context. When selecting and constructing premises, organizations should consider physical and environmental threats such as local topography, flood risk, earthquake exposure, weather conditions, crime levels, civil unrest, neighboring facilities, hazardous sites, and urban threats. These considerations help reduce risks to secure areas, information processing facilities, equipment, personnel, and supporting utilities. Local topography is relevant because geography can influence flooding, landslides, access routes, drainage, and natural hazards. Urban threats are relevant because location can affect exposure to crime, protests, terrorism, traffic disruption, adjacent buildings, or public access. System requirements are important in technology design and facility planning, but they are not the type of environmental or location threat consideration targeted by this question. ISO/IEC 27002 physical controls emphasize protecting premises from physical and environmental risks, not choosing location based on application or system functional requirements. Therefore, option C is verified. Reference/Chapters: ISO/IEC 27002:2022, Control 7.1 Physical security perimeters; Control 7.5 Protecting against physical and environmental threats; Control 7.8 Equipment siting and protection.

Answer : C

Control 5.7, Threat intelligence, belongs to the organizational control group. ISO/IEC 27002:2022 organizes controls by clauses: Clause 5 contains organizational controls, Clause 6 contains people controls, Clause 7 contains physical controls, and Clause 8 contains technological controls. Threat intelligence is classified as organizational because it supports governance, decision-making, risk awareness, planning, prioritization, and security strategy across the organization. It involves collecting, analyzing, and using information about existing or emerging threats so the organization can reduce risk and improve controls. Threat intelligence can influence vulnerability management, incident response, monitoring, supplier risk management, awareness training, security architecture, and risk treatment plans. Although threat intelligence may use technological tools, its ISO/IEC 27002 placement is organizational because its primary purpose is to guide security decisions and readiness. Option A is incorrect because technological controls are Clause 8. Option B is incorrect because people controls are Clause 6. The verified answer is option C. Reference/Chapters: ISO/IEC 27002:2022, Clause 5 Organizational controls; Control 5.7 Threat intelligence; Clause 4 Structure of the standard.

Answer : B

Control 5.35, Independent review of information security, is the control intended to ensure that the organization's approach to managing information security remains suitable, adequate, and effective. Independent reviews provide objective evaluation of whether policies, processes, controls, responsibilities, and implementation remain aligned with business needs, risks, legal requirements, and the organization's security objectives. The review may consider governance, control design, control operation, risk treatment, compliance, incident trends, technology changes, supplier dependencies, and audit results. Control 5.4, Management responsibilities, is important because management must ensure personnel apply security according to policies and procedures, but it is not the control specifically focused on independent review. Control 5.24 concerns planning and preparation for incident management, which supports response capability but does not broadly assess the continuing suitability of the whole security approach. The phrase ''suitable, adequate and effective'' is a strong indicator of review and assurance. ISO/IEC 27002 uses independent review to challenge assumptions, detect weaknesses, and support continual improvement. Therefore, option B is the verified answer. Reference/Chapters: ISO/IEC 27002:2022, Control 5.35 Independent review of information security; Control 5.36 Compliance with policies, rules and standards for information security; Control 5.4 Management responsibilities.

Answer : B

A PII controller is the privacy stakeholder that determines the purposes and means of processing personally identifiable information. This means the controller decides why PII is processed, what PII is needed, how it is processed, how long it is retained, who receives it, and which controls are required. Option A describes the PII principal, which is the natural person to whom the PII relates. Option C describes a PII processor, which processes PII on behalf of and according to the instructions of the controller. ISO/IEC 27002 includes privacy and PII protection as part of its information security control guidance where privacy obligations apply. The distinction matters because controllers carry decision-making responsibility and accountability for lawful, secure, and appropriate processing. Processors must protect the information but do not independently determine the processing purpose. Relevant controls include privacy and protection of PII, access control, supplier relationships, information deletion, data masking, data leakage prevention, and cloud service controls. The verified answer is therefore option B. Reference/Chapters: ISO/IEC 27002:2022, Control 5.34 Privacy and protection of PII; Control 5.19 Information security in supplier relationships; Control 8.11 Data masking.

Answer : A

When using cryptography, organizations should consider roles and responsibilities for key management. Cryptographic controls are only effective when keys are properly generated, stored, distributed, rotated, backed up, revoked, destroyed, and protected from unauthorized access. Weak key management can defeat strong algorithms because compromise of the key can expose encrypted information or allow unauthorized signing, decryption, or impersonation. ISO/IEC 27002 Control 8.24, Use of cryptography, guides organizations to define rules for effective cryptographic use, including protection of confidentiality, authenticity, integrity, and non-repudiation where relevant. Key management responsibilities must be assigned clearly so that ownership, custody, approval, recovery, and emergency access are controlled. Option B relates to project security management, not cryptographic implementation specifically. Option C relates to network security and filtering, not cryptographic key governance. Cryptography requires policy decisions about algorithms, key lengths, certificate management, lifecycle handling, legal restrictions, and separation of duties. The exam's correct answer is therefore option A because key management is a central technical and governance constraint of cryptographic protection. Reference/Chapters: ISO/IEC 27002:2022, Control 8.24 Use of cryptography; Control 5.15 Access control; Control 5.17 Authentication information.

Answer : C

Establishing and maintaining contact with special interest groups is a good practice under ISO/IEC 27002. Organizations benefit from timely information about security threats, vulnerabilities, attack trends, advisories, defensive practices, and sector-specific risks. Special interest groups can include industry associations, information sharing and analysis centers, professional forums, security communities, vendor groups, government-supported networks, and trusted peer organizations. This supports threat intelligence, incident readiness, vulnerability management, and continual improvement. Option A is incorrect because avoiding information exchange would isolate the organization and weaken its ability to anticipate emerging threats. Option B is too restrictive because authorities may be important contacts, but they are not the only legitimate or useful source of security information. ISO/IEC 27002 encourages appropriate contact with relevant groups while still requiring responsible handling of shared information, confidentiality, trust boundaries, and legal obligations. The security value lies in turning external knowledge into better internal controls, awareness, monitoring, and response. Therefore, option C is the verified answer. Reference/Chapters: ISO/IEC 27002:2022, Control 5.6 Contact with special interest groups; Control 5.7 Threat intelligence; Control 8.8 Management of technical vulnerabilities.

Answer : B

Company A has implemented Control 8.23, Web filtering. Web filtering is intended to protect systems from compromise by preventing access to known malicious or inappropriate web resources. Blocking IP addresses or domains associated with malicious websites is a typical web filtering technique. It can reduce exposure to malware, phishing pages, command-and-control infrastructure, drive-by downloads, credential harvesting, and unauthorized content. Control 8.11, Data masking, is unrelated because it protects sensitive data by obscuring or substituting values so users or systems do not see the original data. Control 5.18, Access rights, concerns granting, reviewing, modifying, and removing user access privileges to information and systems. Browser configuration that blocks malicious destinations is not primarily user access rights management; it is filtering web traffic based on destination risk. ISO/IEC 27002 places web filtering under technological controls because it is implemented through browsers, gateways, DNS filtering, proxies, endpoint tools, or secure web gateways. Therefore, option B is verified. Reference/Chapters: ISO/IEC 27002:2022, Control 8.23 Web filtering; Control 8.7 Protection against malware; Control 8.20 Network security.