PECB ISO/IEC 27002 Foundation ISO-IEC-27002-Foundation Exam Questions

Answer : C

System requirements should not be the primary factor listed for locating and constructing physical premises in the ISO/IEC 27002 physical security context. When selecting and constructing premises, organizations should consider physical and environmental threats such as local topography, flood risk, earthquake exposure, weather conditions, crime levels, civil unrest, neighboring facilities, hazardous sites, and urban threats. These considerations help reduce risks to secure areas, information processing facilities, equipment, personnel, and supporting utilities. Local topography is relevant because geography can influence flooding, landslides, access routes, drainage, and natural hazards. Urban threats are relevant because location can affect exposure to crime, protests, terrorism, traffic disruption, adjacent buildings, or public access. System requirements are important in technology design and facility planning, but they are not the type of environmental or location threat consideration targeted by this question. ISO/IEC 27002 physical controls emphasize protecting premises from physical and environmental risks, not choosing location based on application or system functional requirements. Therefore, option C is verified. Reference/Chapters: ISO/IEC 27002:2022, Control 7.1 Physical security perimeters; Control 7.5 Protecting against physical and environmental threats; Control 7.8 Equipment siting and protection.

Answer : A

The situation describes a people-related operational threat: data input error by employees. The root cause is not a malicious external attack or theft; it is that employees cannot reliably follow complicated processing procedures. ISO/IEC 27002 recognizes that people, competence, awareness, and documented procedures are essential to information security. When procedures are unclear, excessive, or difficult to follow, employees may enter incorrect data, omit fields, select wrong categories, mishandle classifications, misroute information, or unintentionally corrupt records. This primarily threatens integrity because the information may no longer be accurate or complete. Hacking would involve unauthorized technical intrusion, and information theft would involve intentional unauthorized taking or disclosure of information. Neither is stated in the scenario. ISO/IEC 27002 addresses this type of risk through information security awareness, education and training, documented operating procedures, clear responsibilities, and appropriate segregation of duties. Effective controls should make correct behavior practical and repeatable, not merely documented. Therefore, the verified answer is option A. Reference/Chapters: ISO/IEC 27002:2022, Control 6.3 Information security awareness, education and training; Control 5.37 Documented operating procedures; Control 5.3 Segregation of duties.

Answer : A

Control 6.1 Screening is the ISO/IEC 27002 control that helps organizations ensure employees and contractors are suitable for their roles. Screening is performed before employment or engagement, and it should be proportionate to business requirements, information classification, access levels, legal requirements, and the risks associated with the role. It may include verification of identity, qualifications, employment history, references, criminal record checks where lawful and appropriate, and professional credentials. The goal is not unnecessary intrusion; the goal is to reduce the risk that unsuitable individuals receive access to sensitive information, systems, facilities, or responsibilities. Control 6.4, Disciplinary process, deals with responding to policy violations after employment has begun. Control 6.7, Remote working, addresses security arrangements for work outside organizational premises. Neither directly verifies suitability before assigning a role. ISO/IEC 27002 treats people controls as essential because insider risk, negligence, excessive access, and role mismatch can create significant security exposure. Therefore, option A is the verified answer. Reference/Chapters: ISO/IEC 27002:2022, Control 6.1 Screening; Control 6.2 Terms and conditions of employment; Control 6.3 Information security awareness, education and training.

Answer : A

When an employee leaves the organization or changes roles, their information security responsibilities should be identified and transferred appropriately. ISO/IEC 27002 emphasizes that responsibilities must remain clear throughout the employment lifecycle, including changes and termination. Security duties cannot simply disappear when a person leaves a role. Examples include ownership of assets, approval duties, incident response responsibilities, privileged access administration, supplier contact responsibilities, classification decisions, or operational security tasks. The organization should determine which responsibilities the employee holds, remove responsibilities that no longer apply, revoke or adjust access rights, and assign continuing responsibilities to another competent person. Option B is too limited because documenting responsibilities in a termination policy does not ensure that active duties are transferred. Option C is incorrect because outsourcing is not required and may introduce additional supplier risk. The central ISO/IEC 27002 principle is continuity of accountability: responsibilities must be maintained even when personnel move, leave, or change duties. This also supports least privilege because access and responsibilities should match the current role. Reference/Chapters: ISO/IEC 27002:2022, Control 6.5 Responsibilities after termination or change of employment; Control 5.2 Information security roles and responsibilities; Control 5.18 Access rights.

Answer : A

When establishing a remote working policy, organizations should consider the threat of unauthorized access to information or resources from other persons in public places. Remote working changes the security environment because employees may work from homes, hotels, airports, cafs, shared offices, client sites, or while travelling. These environments can expose information to shoulder surfing, overheard conversations, device theft, insecure Wi-Fi, unattended screens, family or visitor access, and uncontrolled printing or storage. ISO/IEC 27002 Control 6.7, Remote working, expects organizations to define security measures for remote work based on risk. This can include secure authentication, encryption, screen privacy, endpoint protection, physical protection of devices, secure network access, acceptable use, incident reporting, backup, and restrictions on handling sensitive information. Option B relates more to equipment siting and physical protection of facilities. Option C relates to access rights and privileged access management. Both can be relevant elsewhere, but the remote working policy question directly points to risks from other persons in public or uncontrolled locations. Therefore, option A is verified. Reference/Chapters: ISO/IEC 27002:2022, Control 6.7 Remote working; Control 7.9 Security of assets off-premises; Control 5.15 Access control.

Answer : A

When using cryptography, organizations should consider roles and responsibilities for key management. Cryptographic controls are only effective when keys are properly generated, stored, distributed, rotated, backed up, revoked, destroyed, and protected from unauthorized access. Weak key management can defeat strong algorithms because compromise of the key can expose encrypted information or allow unauthorized signing, decryption, or impersonation. ISO/IEC 27002 Control 8.24, Use of cryptography, guides organizations to define rules for effective cryptographic use, including protection of confidentiality, authenticity, integrity, and non-repudiation where relevant. Key management responsibilities must be assigned clearly so that ownership, custody, approval, recovery, and emergency access are controlled. Option B relates to project security management, not cryptographic implementation specifically. Option C relates to network security and filtering, not cryptographic key governance. Cryptography requires policy decisions about algorithms, key lengths, certificate management, lifecycle handling, legal restrictions, and separation of duties. The exam's correct answer is therefore option A because key management is a central technical and governance constraint of cryptographic protection. Reference/Chapters: ISO/IEC 27002:2022, Control 8.24 Use of cryptography; Control 5.15 Access control; Control 5.17 Authentication information.

Answer : B

Accidental changes compromise integrity. Integrity is the property that information remains accurate, complete, and protected against unauthorized or improper modification. Even when a change is accidental rather than malicious, the effect is the same from an integrity perspective: the information may no longer be trustworthy. ISO/IEC 27002 supports integrity through many controls, including access control, change management, configuration management, backup, logging, secure coding, malware protection, segregation of duties, and separation of development, test, and production environments. Availability would be affected if information or systems were not accessible or usable when required. Confidentiality would be affected if information were disclosed or made available to unauthorized parties. The question specifically mentions accidental changes, not unavailability or disclosure, so integrity is the correct principle. This distinction is central to information security because different principles require different controls. For example, preventing accidental changes may require access restrictions, validation, change approval, version control, monitoring, and recovery procedures. Reference/Chapters: ISO/IEC 27002:2022, Clause 4 control attributes; Control 8.32 Change management; Control 8.9 Configuration management; Control 8.13 Information backup.