Snowflake SnowPro Advanced: Architect Certification ARA-C01 Exam Questions

Answer : A, C

Snowflake context functions are functions that return information about the current session, user, role, warehouse, database, schema, or object. They can be used to help determine whether a user is authorized to see data that has column-level security enforced by setting masking policy conditions based on the context functions. The following context functions are relevant for column-level security:

current_role: This function returns the name of the role in use for the current session. It can be used to set masking policy conditions that target the current session and are not affected by the execution context of the SQL statement. For example, a masking policy condition using current_role can allow or deny access to a column based on the role that the user activated in the session.

invoker_role: This function returns the name of the executing role in a SQL statement. It can be used to set masking policy conditions that target the executing role and are affected by the execution context of the SQL statement. For example, a masking policy condition using invoker_role can allow or deny access to a column based on the role that the user specified in the SQL statement, such as using the AS ROLE clause or a stored procedure.

is_role_in_session: This function returns TRUE if the user's current role in the session (i.e. the role returned by current_role) inherits the privileges of the specified role. It can be used to set masking policy conditions that involve role hierarchy and privilege inheritance. For example, a masking policy condition using is_role_in_session can allow or deny access to a column based on whether the user's current role is a lower privilege role in the specified role hierarchy.

The other options are not valid ways to use the Snowflake context functions for column-level security:

Set masking policy conditions using is_role_in_session targeting the role in use for the current account. This option is incorrect because is_role_in_session does not target the role in use for the current account, but rather the role in use for the current session. Also, the current account is not a role, but rather a logical entity that contains users, roles, warehouses, databases, and other objects.

Determine if there are ownership privileges on the masking policy that would allow the use of any function. This option is incorrect because ownership privileges on the masking policy do not affect the use of any function, but rather the ability to create, alter, or drop the masking policy. Also, this is not a way to use the Snowflake context functions, but rather a way to check the privileges on the masking policy object.

Assign the accountadmin role to the user who is executing the object. This option is incorrect because assigning the accountadmin role to the user who is executing the object does not involve using the Snowflake context functions, but rather granting the highest-level role to the user. Also, this is not a recommended practice for column-level security, as it would give the user full access to all objects and data in the account, which could compromise data security and governance.

Context Functions

Advanced Column-level Security topics

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Answer : B

This view can be used to query login attempts by Snowflake users within the last 365 days (1 year). It provides information such as the event timestamp, the user name, the client IP, the authentication method, the success or failure status, and the error code or message if the login attempt was unsuccessful.By querying this view, the IT Security team can identify any suspicious or malicious login attempts to Snowflake and take appropriate actions to prevent credential stuffing attacks1. The other options are not the best ways to find recent and ongoing login attempts to Snowflake.Option A is incorrect because the LOGIN_HISTORY Information Schema table function only returns login events within the last 7 days, which may not be sufficient to detect credential stuffing attacks that span a longer period of time2.Option C is incorrect because the History tab in the Snowflake UI only shows the queries executed by the current user or role, not the login events of other users or roles3. Option D is incorrect because the Users section in the Account tab in the Snowflake UI only shows the last login time for each user, not the details of the login attempts or the failures.

Answer : A

The query is executing a clone operation on an existing table t_sales with an offset to account for the retention time. The syntax used is correct for cloning a table in Snowflake, and the use of the at(offset => -60*30) clause is valid. This specifies that the clone should be based on the state of the table 30 minutes prior (60 seconds * 30). Assuming the table t_sales exists and has been modified within the last 30 minutes, and considering the data_retention_time_in_days is set to 1 day (which enables time travel queries for the past 24 hours), the table t_sales_clone would be successfully created based on the state of t_sales 30 minutes before the clone command was issued.

Answer : B, C, F

According to the SnowPro Advanced: Architect documents and learning resources, the organization-related tasks that can be performed by the ORGADMIN role are:

Creating an account in the organization.A user with the ORGADMIN role can use the CREATE ACCOUNT command to create a new account that belongs to the same organization as the current account1.

Viewing a list of organization accounts.A user with the ORGADMIN role can use the SHOW ORGANIZATION ACCOUNTS command to view the names and properties of all accounts in the organization2.Alternatively, the user can use the Admin Accounts page in the web interface to view the organization name and account names3.

Enabling the replication of a database. A user with the ORGADMIN role can use the SYSTEM$GLOBAL_ACCOUNT_SET_PARAMETER function to enable database replication for an account in the organization.This allows the user to replicate databases across accounts in different regions and cloud platforms for data availability and durability4.

The other options are incorrect because they are not organization-related tasks that can be performed by the ORGADMIN role. Option A is incorrect because changing the name of the organization is not a task that can be performed by the ORGADMIN role.To change the name of an organization, the user must contact Snowflake Support3. Option D is incorrect because changing the name of an account is not a task that can be performed by the ORGADMIN role.To change the name of an account, the user must contact Snowflake Support5. Option E is incorrect because deleting an account is not a task that can be performed by the ORGADMIN role. To delete an account, the user must contact Snowflake Support.Reference:CREATE ACCOUNT | Snowflake Documentation,SHOW ORGANIZATION ACCOUNTS | Snowflake Documentation,Getting Started with Organizations | Snowflake Documentation,SYSTEM$GLOBAL_ACCOUNT_SET_PARAMETER | Snowflake Documentation,ALTER ACCOUNT | Snowflake Documentation, [DROP ACCOUNT | Snowflake Documentation]

Answer : B, C, E

These three design elements are required to meet the security, compliance, and governance requirements for the project.

To use Tri-Secret Secure in Snowflake, the Business Critical edition of Snowflake is required. This edition provides enhanced data protection features, such as customer-managed encryption keys, that are not available in lower editions.Tri-Secret Secure is a feature that combines a Snowflake-maintained key and a customer-managed key to create a composite master key to encrypt the data in Snowflake1.

To share some information stored in a view with another Snowflake customer, a secure view is recommended. A secure view is a view that hides the underlying data and the view definition from unauthorized users.Only the owner of the view and the users who are granted the owner's role can see the view definition and the data in the base tables of the view2.A secure view can be shared with another Snowflake account using a data share3.

To hide portions of sensitive information from some columns, Dynamic Data Masking can be used. Dynamic Data Masking is a feature that allows applying masking policies to columns to selectively mask plain-text data at query time.Depending on the masking policy conditions and the user's role, the data can be fully or partially masked, or shown as plain-text4.

Answer : B, C

The best way to address the performance issues and time-outs faced by the Store Manager team is to configure a dedicated virtual warehouse for them and make it multi-clustered. This will allow them to run their reports independently from other workloads and scale up or down the compute resources as needed. A dedicated virtual warehouse will also enable them to apply specific security and access policies for their data. A multi-clustered virtual warehouse will provide high availability and concurrency for their queries and avoid queuing or throttling.

Using a Business Intelligence tool for in-memory computation may improve performance, but it will not solve the underlying issue of insufficient compute resources in the shared virtual warehouse. It will also introduce additional costs and complexity for the data architecture.

Configuring the virtual warehouse to size 4-XL may increase the performance, but it will also increase the cost and may not be optimal for the workload. It will also not address the concurrency and availability issues that may arise from sharing the virtual warehouse with other workloads.

Advising the Store Manager team to defer report execution to off-business hours may reduce the load on the shared virtual warehouse, but it will also reduce the timeliness and usefulness of the reports for the business. It will also not guarantee that the performance issues and time-outs will not occur at other times.

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Answer : B, C, F

In Snowflake, the characteristics of result set caches include persistence of data results for 24 hours (B), each use of persisted results resets the 24-hour retention period (C), and result set caches are not shared between different warehouses (F). The result set cache is specifically designed to avoid repeated execution of the same query within this timeframe, reducing computational overhead and speeding up query responses. These caches do not contribute to storage costs, and their retention period cannot be extended beyond the default duration nor up to 31 days, as might be misconstrued. Reference: Snowflake Documentation on Result Set Caching.