WGU Introduction to IT Exam Practice Test

Answer : C

The computing term that describes a collection of hardware and software components working together to meet the needs of the user is C. A computer system.

A computer system consists of both physical hardware components (like the central processing unit, monitor, keyboard, etc.) and software components (such as operating systems, applications, and programs).

Reference

1. WGU Introduction to IT (KSO1) Algorithm1.

Answer : D

Insourcing, the practice of developing software or handling IT tasks within the organization, offers several advantages. The primary advantage in this scenario focuses on skill development:

* Knowledge growth: By working directly on projects, in-house developers gain hands-on experience, enhancing their coding skills and understanding of the company's specific needs.

* Ownership: Insourcing provides developers with a sense of ownership over the project, often leading to increased motivation and problem-solving skills.

Answer : A

Google Apps, Dropbox, and GoToMeeting are all examples of Software-as-a-Service (SaaS). SaaS is a software distribution model in which a third-party provider hosts applications and makes them available to customers over the internet. This contrasts with IaaS, which provides virtualized computing resources over the internet, and PaaS, which offers hardware and software tools over the internet.

1. Google Apps (now Google Workspace) provides productivity and collaboration tools.

2. Dropbox offers cloud storage and file synchronization services.

3. GoToMeeting is an online meeting, desktop sharing, and video conferencing software.

All three services are accessed over the internet and do not require users to manage hardware or software updates, which is characteristic of the SaaS model.

Answer : C

Business continuity planning (BCP) is essential for several reasons:

1. Minimizing Downtime:

o BCP ensures that an organization can continue its critical functions during and after disruptions.

o By having a well-thought-out plan, companies can minimize downtime and quickly resume operations.

2. Risk Mitigation:

o BCP identifies potential risks (e.g., natural disasters, cyberattacks) and develops strategies to mitigate and recover from them.

o It goes beyond traditional business plans, focusing on resilience during adversity.

3. Economic Stability:

o Economic downturns (e.g., recessions) pose significant threats to businesses.

o A continuity plan helps companies sustain operations even during tough times, preventing financial instability.

4. Adaptability to Growth:

o During periods of growth, businesses need to scale rapidly.

o A continuity plan ensures that infrastructure, resources, and workforce can adapt effectively.

Answer : C

The type of off-site storage that serves as an empty shell for operations during a natural disaster or terrorist attack is a Cold site1. Unlike a Hot site, which is fully operational and ready for immediate use, a Cold site requires setup and provisioning before it can be utilized1. It provides a cost-effective solution for disaster recovery while minimizing ongoing expenses.

Answer : C

* Unauthorized access refers to gaining entry or access to a system, physical or electronic, without the permission of the owner or administrator.

* Security is the type of system requirement that involves preventing unauthorized access to data.

* Security measures include:

o Authentication: Verifying user identity.

o Encryption: Protecting data from unauthorized viewing.

o Access controls: Limiting who can access specific resources.

o Firewalls: Filtering network traffic.

* Ensuring security helps safeguard sensitive information and maintain data integrity.

1. Unauthorized Access: Risks, Examples, and 6 Defensive Measures

2. How to Prevent Unauthorized Access: 10 Best Practices

3. Threat Picture: Unauthorized Access Prevention

4. PMC: Protecting Information with Cybersecurity

5. Cyberpedia: Unauthorized Data Access

1: Unauthorized Access: Risks, Examples, and 6 Defensive Measures 2: How to Prevent Unauthorized Access: 10 Best Practices 3: Threat Picture: Unauthorized Access Prevention 4: PMC: Protecting Information with Cybersecurity 5: Cyberpedia: Unauthorized Data Access

Answer : A

High-level languages and machine language (also known as machine code) serve different purposes in the world of programming. Let's explore the differences:

1. High-Level Languages:

o Definition: High-level languages are programming languages that are designed to be more human-readable and user-friendly. Examples include C, C++, Java, Python, and Ruby.

o Characteristics:

Abstraction: High-level languages provide a higher level of abstraction, allowing programmers to express complex logic using familiar syntax and natural language constructs.

Readability: Code written in high-level languages is easier for humans to understand because it resembles everyday language.

Platform Independence: High-level languages are platform-independent, meaning the same code can run on different operating systems with minimal modifications.

Compiler or Interpreter: High-level code is compiled or interpreted into machine code before execution.

o Advantages:

Productivity: Developers can write code more quickly and efficiently.

Maintenance: Easier to maintain and debug due to readability.

Portability: Code can be moved across platforms.

o Example:

Python

# Example in Python

def greet(name):

print(f'Hello, {name}!')

greet('Alice')

2. Machine Language (Machine Code):

o Definition: Machine language consists of binary instructions (0s and 1s) that directly correspond to the instructions executed by the computer's central processing unit (CPU).

o Characteristics:

Low-Level: Machine language is the lowest level of programming language.

Binary Representation: Each instruction is represented as a sequence of binary digits (bits).

Specific to Hardware: Machine code is specific to the architecture of the computer (e.g., x86, ARM).

Direct Execution: The CPU executes machine instructions directly.

o Advantages:

Efficiency: Machine code runs directly on the hardware, making it highly efficient.

No Translation Overhead: No need for translation (compilation or interpretation) since it's already in the CPU's native language.

o Example (Simplified):

o 01100110 00001010 ; Binary sequence representing an addition operation

3. Summary:

o High-level languages provide abstraction, readability, and portability.

o Machine language is specific to the hardware, efficient, and executed directly by the CPU.

1. GeeksforGeeks: What is Machine Language?

2. BBC Bitesize: High-level languages

3. Webopedia: High-Level Programming Language

4. Codeforwin: High level languages - advantages and disadvantages